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Objective: To assess the effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA)-and vitamin Esupplemented formula feeding on erythrocyte and plasma a-tocopherol (VE), and plasma retinol (VA) concentrations in neonates and to compare these values with those found in infants feeding on infant formula without LCPUFA or breast milk Setting: University Hospital of Granada, Spain. Subjects: 49 full-term infants. Design and intervention: Subjects who chose not to breast feed were fed either (i) unsupplemented infant formula (F) or (ii) infant formula supplemented with LCPUFA and vitamin E (FL). a-Tocopherol and retinol were measured at 7 days, 1 month and 3 months. Results: Plasma and erythrocyte VE concentrations and plasma VE/total lipids ratio increased signi®cantly in all groups at 1 month of life (P`0.05), but did not change signi®cantly between 1 month and 3 months in any group (P b 0.05). Erythrocyte VE and VA retinol concentrations were higher in infants fed an infant formula than in breast milk-fed infants at 1 month of life (P`0.05). Finally, there were no signi®cant differences in plasma or erythrocyte VE levels, plasma VA or plasma VE/total lipid ratio between any groups at 3 months of life (P b 0.05). Conclusion: Infants fed on LCPUFA-and vitamin E-supplemented infant formula for 3 months have similar vitamin E and A status to infants fed on breast milk or infant formula without LCPUFA supplementation.

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