Supplementation of spinal bupivacaine anesthesia for cesarean delivery with intrathecal fentanyl provides a better quality of anesthesia and is associated with a decreased incidence of side effects as compared with supplementation with the same dose of IV fentanyl.

Supplementing a sevoflurane induction of anesthesia in children with IV lidocaine 2 mg/kg can suppress cough after tracheal intubation and thus improve intubating conditions. In addition, lidocaine minimizes blood pressure fluctuations after tracheal intubation.

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The three modes of patient-controlled epidural analgesia supplemented by a background infusion of 6 mL h(-1) were equally effective for labour analgesia with a trend for decreased rescue analgesia in the group with a larger bolus dose and a longer lockout interval.