Endemic goitre of moderate severity was mainly found in the east of Finland in the 1930's. Studies in the 1950's showed an average daily iodine intake of 65\p=n-\70 \ g=m\ g in the west and 50\p=n-\65 \ g=m\ g in the east of the country. The use of iodized salt was introduced in the late 1940's but added only 15 \ g=m\ g of iodine to the daily intake. In the late 1950's iodine prophylaxis was intensified and the use of salt containing 25 mg KI/kg was recommended. In 1978 about 95% of all household salt used in the Savonlinna area was iodized. This region in the east of Finland has been used as an area of surveillance and studies have been carried out there in 1959, 1969 and 1979. During this period the thyroidal uptake decreased from 67 to 23% in non-goitrous subjects and from 62 to 28% in goitre patients the difference between the two last figures being statistically significant. The goitre patients also had significantly higher serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels. During the same period the urinary excretion of stable 127I increased from 45 \ g=m\ g to about 250 \g=m\g a day. Concomitantly the goitre prevalence among school children has decreased. Having been in the early 1950's in most parts 15\ p=n-\ 30% it is generally now 1\p=n-\4%. It seems that the iodine intake is now adequate and that the endemia is gradually subsiding.
In Savonlinna in the east of Finland in 1959 the thyroid uptake was 60–70% in control subjects and in patients with nontoxic goitre (NTG) and with hyperthyroidism and the urinary excretion of stable iodine was 45–60 µg/day. Fourteen patients with NTG, 3 hyperthyroid patients and one healthy control subject were studied in greater detail. The thyroid turnover was normal in NTG with the exception of two patients in whom it was increased. The faecal excretion of iodine was 20 µg/day, the renal iodine clearance 37 ml/min and the calculated iodine concentration in the iodide compartment 0.75–0.90 µg/l. The distribution of 131I was similar in the control subject and in NTG patients. In a few patients substantial proportions of precipitable iodine were found in the urine and non-butanol-extractable iodine in the blood. In 1969 the uptake was 30–34% in controls and euthyroid goitre patients. The urinary excretion of iodine was 219 µg/day. The goitre incidence in school children in Savonlinna and the surrounding communities was generally 1%, in two communities 6 and 13%, respectively. The figures are markedly lower than those reported in the early 1950s (15–30%). It is concluded that owing to intensified iodine prophylaxis during the last 10 years the endemic goitre is rapidly regressing in this area.
Haikonen. hf. and T. Räsänen. Hjdmgen ion concentration in the gstiic juice after pylurus ligation in dexamethason‐treated rot. Acta physiol. scand. 1963. 65. 378–382. — Rats were injected with dexaniethasone 3 × 1 mg at 12‐hr intervals before ligation of the pylorus. The hydrogen ion concentration of the gastric secreta. the volume of secretion and the amount of free HCI were measured 2 hrs after tying the ligature. The administration of dexaniethasone for 2 days before ligation of the pylorus inhibited gastric secretion during the ligation and elevated the pH of the secreta. No free HCl was demonstrated in it. Secretion was restored by histamine injected into the rats in connection with the application of the ligature. A single dose of dexamethasone 2 hrs before the application of the ligature caused elevation of gastric secretion. It is suggested that the degranulation of the mast cells of the gastric Iiiucosa during dexamethasone therapy leads to inhibition of gastric secretion with the mucosa losing the histamine needed for its stimulation. This loss may he compensated by exogenous histamine. On the other hand. the histamine‐liberating property of dexamethasone enhances secretion when the de‐granulation of the mast cdls begins.
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