Field experiments were carried out at El-Baramoon Research Station, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt (+ 7m altitude, 30 o 11latitude and 28 o 26longitude), during winter seasons of 2007/08 and 2008/09, to study the use of various biostimulants, i.e., humic acid (3 ml l -1 ), seaweed extract (4 g l -1 ) and amino acids (5 ml l -1 ) and/or 50% of recommended NPK fertilizers as well as control (100% NPK) on some new potato cultivars (Alaska, Fridor and Oceania) and Spunta when cultivation in low temperature in order to prolong the export season, which are equivalent free radicals in cells and plant tissue leading eventually to further stimulate with potato plants to low temperature conditions (cold stress), and improved the productivity, yield quality and superoxide dismutase SOD activity. Research also aimed to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers.The obtained results revealed that potato cultivars differed significantly in all studied characters. Spunta cv. had more fresh and dry weights per plant, leaf area, tuber yield and yield components, nitrate content and SOD activity, followed by Oceania cv., in both seasons. On the other hand, Fridor and Oceania cvs had significant higher dry matter, specific gravity, NK-uptake, and starch content than other two cvs. There were insignificant differences among cvs in P-uptake and nitrite content. Meanwhile, Alaska cv. gave the highest reducing sugars in comparison with other cvs.Application of seaweed as foliar spray + 50% of recommended NPK gave rise to a significant increase in most of the studied characters, i.e., fresh weight, dry weight, leaf area, total tuber yield, number of tuber per plot, average tuber weight and tuber weight > 50 mm, in both seasons. Moreover, foliar application of humic acid or seaweed extract plus NPK 50% significantly increased tuber quality, i.e., tuber dry matter, specific gravity and starch content and reduced significantly reducing sugars, in two seasons of study. Meanwhile, NPK-content (both seasons) and SOD (1 st season) was significantly increased when potato plants treated with humic acid + NPK 50%. On the other hand, addition of organic stimulators plus 50% NPK significantly decreased NO3and NO2content in potato tubers, compared with full or half dose application of NPK at both seasons of study.The interaction between potato cvs and application of organic stimulators plus inorganic fertilizers had significant effects on all characters in both seasons of this study. The most effective treatments were Spunta cv. x SW + NPK50% and Fridor cv. x HA + NPK50%.This study suggests that seaweed extract or humic acid as foliar application plus half dose of recommended NPK on potato plants in the winter season are the most effective treatments for high productivity and quality associated with integrating organic stimulators and inorganic fertilizers, which represents an environmentally and agronomically sound management strategy. Also our results indicate that increased SOD activity due to application of stimulants improved physiological ...
A 4 x 4 diallel cross with reciprocals was performed among four cultivars of broad bean (Vicia faba, L.), i.e., two Spanish cultivars named Luz de otono and Reina mora, one local cultivar called Giza planka, and a selected line, cv. (Sabaaty). The four parents and their 12 F1 hybrids and reciprocal crosses were evaluated in a field experiment designed in a randomized complete block with 3 replicates. This investigation was carried out during the winter seasons of
Field and storage experiments were conducted on cowpea cv. El-Balady during 2004/2006 seasons, to study the influence of some hybrdistillated essential oils and or their aromatic major components as natural antioxidants and safe botanical insecticides on the agronomical performance of it's plants under high temperature condition of late summer season and on the subsequent storability and insect damage of it 's 5 month stored dry seeds on ambient temperature . In this work , seven natural essential oils of thyme, eucalyptus ,clove , pepper mint, marjoram, lemonine and onion were applied in the field as emulsion foliar sprays. Also, three aromatic major components, i.e. thymol, camphor and menthon (crystal volatiles) and three essential oils, of garlic, majoram and MS were applied during storage as natural fumigants in comparison with Alphosphide synthetic one.The obtained results of field exp. and it's storage one revealed that, all the applied essential oils greatly improved the agronomical performance of their plants and storability of their 5 months stored seeds in the two seasons.The most significantly effective ones were thyme, lemonine and pepper mint, respectively, those increased dry wt. of their plants by 32.5,31.4 and 27.1%, total fresh pod yield by 50.7, 46.6 and 28.00% , total seed yield by 198.3, 145.5 and110.0% over those of the control. Also, greatly improved storability and viability of their seeds reduced damage from 100% (control) to 2.2, 3.5 and 4.8%, inf. perforated seeds from 100% (control) to 2.7, 6.6 and 8.2% and wt. losses from 60% (control) to 2.0, 4.2 and 5.8% respectively .Regarding the effect of the fumigants during storage, Al-hposphide was the most effective treatment followed by MS. and thymol (natural ones) those respectively reduced seed damage from 100% to 0%, 0% and 7.5%, inf . perforated seeds from 100% to 1.0% , 2.0% and 8.0% , wt. losses from 60% to 0.4%, 1.5 % and 3.0% respectively.For the best yield and storability of cowpea , foliar sprays of theyme or lemonine oils (2m1/L) 4 times during the growing seasons , also for the best storability of 5 month stored seeds , methyl salicylate (MS) oil 0.5 ml/kg seed applied twice as a storage fumigant were the most recommended natural and safe applications.
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