This paper aims to identify the stratification of Iranian Library and Information Science academics in terms of visibility, effectiveness and scientific and professional performance. The present study is applied and is implemented through survey and webometrics methods and with a descriptive approach. The research population includes all Iranian academics working in Library and Information Science departments with a PhD with the titles Assistant Professor, Associate Professor and Full Professor. Google Scholar is used to gather web data. A researcher-constructed questionnaire is also used to gather data from the research population in order to stratify them in terms of professional and scientific performance. J Mehrad, MH Dayani and R Fattahi achieved the first to the third ranks respectively in terms of professional and scientific performance. There is also a direct and significant relationship between stratification of the visibility and effectiveness and professional and scientific performance. Graduation from foreign universities, proficiency in English language, writing team papers, scientific collaboration with international scientists, membership of valid national and international research groups, employment in university departments with high experience and also employment in university departments which offer postgraduate qualifications are considered the main factors behind some members' visibility in the research community.
Background and aimsKnowledge translation (KT) tries to bridge the gap between knowledge production and consumption by targeting the knowledge users and shortening the period of conveying research results to practice. Evidence based medicine (EBM) is the righteous use of accumulated evidence to guide clinical decisions. Therefore, while KT tools are designed to expedite consumption of newly carried-out research, conscientious use of conducted research is hinted at EBM studies. Thus, the primary goal of this study is re-examining KT and EBM foundations to make a clear understanding of how these two apparently conflicting areas in medicine can join forces to improve health practice.MethodsThis is a historical research which uses KT and EBM related studies and documents to find about foundations and strategies taken in KT and EBM. Thus, a comprehensive review of related literature was conducted and all possible approaches identified. Also a 3 round Delphi method was conducted and results were discussed categorically.ResultsVery similar to the Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, there is a pyramid of research types based on studies' contribution to accumulation of evidence so that systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies are on top and basic research studies at the bottom. Therefore, moving from bottom to top to reach to a reasonable body of evidence is very time consuming and this fact contradicts with KT purposes. However, we found some solutions to overcome to this paradoxical problem, some of them including: online publishing with short intervals between issues (weekly, semiweekly or monthly) or optimally online continuous updated publishing, and more attention to systematic reviews and meta-analysis so that they could be performed for shorter periods of time (e.g. annual or semi-annual).ConclusionA successful health system would be reachable through considering both KT and EBM criteria. While KT mainly focuses on the developing best knowledge targeting the right audience in a short possible time, EBM focuses on the quality of knowledge directed to clinical decisions.
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