The population in the world is aging dramatically, and therefore, the economic and social effort required to maintain the quality of life is being increased. Assistive technologies are progressively expanding and present great opportunities; however, given the sensitivity of health issues and the vulnerability of older adults, some considerations need to be considered. This paper presents DigiHEALTH, a suite of digital solutions for long-term healthy and active aging. It is the result of a fruitful trajectory of research in healthy aging where we have understood stakeholders’ needs, defined the main suite properties (that would allow scalability and interoperability with health services), and codesigned a set of digital solutions by applying a continuous reflexive cycle. At the current stage of development, the digital suite presents eight digital solutions to carry out the following: (a) minimize digital barriers for older adults (authentication system based on face recognition and digital voice assistant), (b) facilitate active and healthy living (well-being assessment module, recommendation system, and personalized nutritional system), and (c) mitigate specific impairments (heart failure decompensation, mobility assessment and correction, and orofacial gesture trainer). The suite is available online and it includes specific details in terms of technology readiness level and specific conditions for usage and acquisition. This live website will be continually updated and enriched with more digital solutions and further experiences of collaboration.
IntroductionSuicide is a major public health problem, especially in young people. It is one of the most significant causes of mortality and potential years of life lost. Medical students are a vulnerable group presenting mental health problems.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of common mental illnesses among medical students from the university of Valladolid in order to assess the need for intervention programs.MethodsCross-sectional study in which, 584 students participated during the academic year 2015–2016 by completing an online self-administered questionnaire. Mental health outcomes were measured by different batteries of depression, anxiety and suicide (BDI, GAD-7 and MINI). Information about possible related risk factors was also obtained. Statistical Chi2 and Student t-tests were applied to estimate associations between socio-demographic, socioeconomic data and clinical results.ResultsWe found a prevalence of 15.8% for depression, 11.6% for ideation suicide and 38.5% for anxiety, with gender differences in the latter case. Prevalence rates were higher than those described in general population. Compared to other international studies, prevalence estimates were also higher among our sample.ConclusionsThis study shows for the first time data of these three psychiatric disorders among medical students in Spain. It suggests the urge to implementing preventive activities to alleviate maladaptive behaviors, academic stress, improve the quality of life and adaptation of students to college life. Larger, prospective, multicentre studies are needed to draw conclusions about the causes and consequences of students’ stress, since evidence shows that mental health problems are perpetuated throughout professional performance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive explorations have demonstrated the activation of plastic mechanisms in slow-growing brain lesions, generating structural and functional changes. Due to its incidence, it is essential to investigate the reorganization of functional areas in brain tumor patients as well as formulating new approaches for predicting patient quality of life after tumor resection. Following this perspective, we formulated an efficient methodology for postsurgical prognosis prediction, not only in terms of the structural damage but also to measure the neuroplastic changes associated with tumor appearence. Of note, most of previous studies employed a limited number of neuropsychological and clinical features for predicting patient prognosis. Our objective is to optimize the traditional model and to develop a method that can predict outcomes with high accuracy and identify the most significant features for cognitive impairment, working memory, executive control and language outcomes. Our approach is based on the inclusion of a large battery of neuropsychological tests as well as the introduction of grey and white matter morphological measures for model optimization. We employed Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, and Naïve Bayes algorithms for testing the models and outcomes. Overall, SVM performance showed to be more accurate as compared to Decision Tree and Naïve Bayes. Specifically, we found that, by introducing connectivity variables (e.g., grey and white matter measures) Cognitive Status and Working Memory exhibited a predictive improvement. However, Language and Executive Control outcomes were not significantly predicted in none of the models. The importance of the present study resides in the employment of structural and functional variables for postsurgical outcome prediction. We found that connectivity variables are sensitive for predicting the postsurgical quality of life. Keywords: glioma, resection, postoperative outcome, prediction, neuropsychological test, mapping
IntroductionMale and female social roles were built on a historical inequality. Gender violence is a public health problem of the first order. We consider it important to conduct a study to improve diagnosis and interventions. From the Theory of Roles Moreno, each role has a complementary role that maintains the link. In gender violence predominates control, domination, submission and asymmetry of functions as dysfunctional elements of a relationship, which should be symmetrical.MethodologyWe reviewed 48 stories of women who come for abuse mental health team from 2013 to 2016. We analyzed the following aspects: socio-demographic data (age, nationality, marital status, education, jobs, dependent children); reason for consultation and number of queries; violence; roles, because of maintenance and interventions.ResultsEighty percent Spanish. It occurs at all levels of education; 60% have children; 70% were derived from primary care for others reasons; almost 90% suffered psychological violence, 25% physical and economic, sexual only 3 women, 52.08% of women adopt a submissive role, passive-aggressive 20.83% and 25% ambivalent; maintenance of the violence is reinforced by the psychological dependence that occurs in all women (one in 45.83%).ConclusionsRoles analysis is an effective method in the diagnosis of abuse and designing appropriate intervention. Psychotherapy, benefits of a psychopharmacological treatment that lessens the suffering and lets face their difficulties. It is important to ask about abuse at any level of care, because it contributes more to cover a hidden reality. The Psychological and economic dependence. They establish and maintain the mistreatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
IntroductionMadness and creativity are thought to be related from ancient ages. Nowadays, thanks to new scientific developments and researches we are able to identify common genetic and brain patterns between creativity and psychosis.ObjectivesTaking the inspiration of a psychotic patient with some shocking drawings, we want to get deep into the actual knowledge about the relation between creativity and psychosis.MethodsCase report and bibliographic review.ResultsA 19-year-old man was brought to the hospital after having been found making strange rituals in the public way. In the anamnese he showed to have experienced mystic delusions and hallucinations. He made some particularly creative drawings.We made a review which showed that this patients may have a diminished latent inhibition, which could make them experiencing usual live irrelevant stimuli as something very exciting and creative at the same time. Genome wide association studies show also that people having creative jobs and psychotic patients share some genes, which could be linked to this abnormal latent inhibition.ConclusionsLatent inhibition abnormalities could be related with psychosis and creativity. There are differences within the course of people having this oversensibility, which could be explained due to the presence of protective and risk factors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
IntroductionAlcoholic hallucinosis is a rare complication of chronic alcohol abuse, characterized by acoustic verbal hallucinations and delusions, mainly of a menacing content, arising in clear consciousness, that appear during or shortly after a period of heavy alcohol consumption.Objectives and aimsTo outline the key clinical features of alcoholic hallucinosis in order to improve differential diagnosis with other entities.MethodsWe studied the evolution of an outpatient followed in a Mental Health Centre of Valladolid and compared it with present data about the condition, found in a bibliographic search of articles no older than 10 years about the topic.ResultsPartial insight about the experience, along with clear consciousness, was key to discard other psychiatric diagnosis that also present acoustic hallucinations. Neuroimagining and functional tests in our patient showed moderate cognitive impairment and cortical atrophy, which contradicts other studies which claim that an acceptable level of cognition must be present in order to gain the necessary insight to meet the diagnostic criteria.ConclusionsAlcoholic hallucinosis is a rare form of subacute encephalopathy, secondary to an abrupt stop in a previously chronic and heavy alcohol consumption. Its diagnosis is mainly clinical, and neuroleptics are the most used drug, being abstinence essential for an adequate evolution. The course is usually benign, although the acoustic phenomena may not disappear completely.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
IntroductionAttachment is an innate programming whereby a child seeks for security. There is scientific and empirical evidence that insecure attachment is usual in eating disorder patients [1].ObjectivesTo highlight the relevance of attachment between child and caregivers, as well as its significance in therapeutic approach.MethodsA 17-year-old girl hospitalized after attending to emergency department due to fainting. BMI: 12.89. She reports restrictive behavior since age 11 that her mother regards as “child issues”. Divorced parents, she grew up with her mother, diagnosed of hypochondria, who mentions not understanding why she is not the one who is hospitalized.ResultsDuring hospitalization, she turned 18-years-old. Guardianship of her younger siblings was removed to her mother. She had a secure relationship with her 24-year-old sister, so she decided to move in with her. Later on, she had a positive progress, maintaining the gained weight and mood stability, although cognitive distortions persist.ConclusionsAmong developmental and maintaining factors of eating disorders, impaired attachment is becoming increasingly interesting. Even though the main goal of treatment is weight restoration, exploring attachment patterns can facilitate to achieve that aim. This clinical case emphasizes the importance of attachment in eating disorders among child and young adults.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
IntroductionCharles-Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) is a clinical entity characterized for visual hallucinations in patients with severe vision impairment and preserved cognitive state. Its pathogeny is still unknown, limiting management options. For diagnosis neurological and psychiatric disorders must be discarded. Treatment is based in three pillars: explaining to the patient the origin and nature of the symptoms, treating the visual deficit when possible, and pharmacotherapy with anti-psychotics.Objectives and aimsTo outline the main characteristics and etiopathogenic theories of the CBS, so as to improve diagnosis and treatment.MethodsBasing on a case followed in mental health consults, we made a systematic review of the articles published in Medline (PubMed) in the last 5 years, with the following keywords, Charles-Bonnet Syndrome, hallucinations, deafferentation, visual impairment.ResultsWe found that all our case and the reported ones had in common the nature and characteristics of the hallucinations, the presence of a trigger, usually a new medicament, and the functional MRI patrons of activity; those patrons located the loss of input prior to the association cortex, which appeared hyper-excitable in functional MRI.ConclusionsAlthough the aetiology and pathogeny of CBS is still unclear, present data suggests that the key mechanism may be a dysregulation in the homeostatic adaptation of the neural pathway when it is left without external input, traducing a hyper-function of a physiological process, probably mediated by acetylcholine, as opposed with other neuropsychiatric pathologies, in which the cortex is the primary affected area.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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