This paper presents hydraulic test results of a new effective ceramic random packing for gas emission clearing devices. The new ring packing from ceramics is formed of two half‐rings connected between themselves by a general square partition. Thus the half‐rings are turned from each other at 90° angle, have apertures and goffers which are located on the external surface. The developed packing has a larger surface in comparison with Raschig rings. By test results it is established that the new packing of the type N3C can be used as an alternative to the Raschig rings in fixed ranges of loadings at realization of the process of absorption. Santrauka Darbe pristatomi keramines ikrovos, naudojamos teršalams iš duju valyti, hidraulinio pasipriešinimo duomenys. Nauja žiedines formos keramine ikrova sudaryta iš dvieju pusžiedžiu. Abu pusžiedžiai pasukti vienas i kita 90° kampu bei sujungti bendra kvadratine pertvara. Ju paviršius yra gofruotas bei su angomis. Ši keramine ikrova (N3C tipo) tobulesn€, palyginti su Rašigo žiedais. Iš rezultatu akivaizdu, kad ji gali buti s€kmingai naudojama vietoj Rašigo žiedu absorbcijos procese. Резюме Приведены результаты гидравлических испытаний новой эффективной керамической насыпной насадки для аппаратов очистки газовых выбросов. Новая кольцевая насадка из керамики выполнена в виде двух полуколец, соединенных между собой общей квадратной перегородкой. При этом полукольца повернуты относительно друг друга на 90°, имеют сквозные отверстия и гофры, расположенные по наружной поверхности. Разработанная насадка имеет более развитую поверхность по сравнению с кольцами Рашига. По результатам испытаний установлено, что новая насадка типа N3C может быть использована в качестве альтернативы кольцам Рашига в установленных диапазонах нагрузок при осуществлении процесса абсорбции.
Designs are presented for casting molds for making hydrocyclone components from plastics in seven standard sizes. The equipment allows to perform a considerable economy in constructional materials and reduce the effort in making hydrocyclones and improves the quality of the surface in the flow sections.Hydrocyclones have recently been used extensively in industry to separate inhomogeneous liquid systems [1-3]. The general industrial use is due to the compactness, convenient assembly in existing plant, high specific throughput, and reliability. On the other hand, those made by Russian industry in the main are made of metal, with low factors for the use of the material, and also difficulties in manufacture, which substantially restrict the scope for series production and the organization of centralized supplies to the chemical and related industries.To resolve the problem of routine hydrocyclone production, the Dzerzhinsk Polytechnical Institute has collaborated with the Moscow State University of Engineering Ecology (MGUIE) in developing a standard series of highly efficient and technologically sound plastic hydrocyclones [4]. The series includes seven standard sizes: TVP-25, TVP-32, TVP-40, TVP-50, TVP-63, TVP-80, and TVP-100 (the numbers correspond to the internal diameters of the body in mm). Technical characteristics are given in [4]. The hydrocyclones are made by pressure casting from strong and corrosion-resistant thermoplastics (polyamide, polystyrene, polycarbonate, and so on).The body 1 of a plastic hydrocyclone is made in a single pass with inlet and outlet tubes, and it has a cone 2 and a sand packing 4, which is impelled into the cone by means of a metal pressure nut 3 (Fig. 1).To organize routine production from plastics from the body, cone, and sand filling, all these standard sizes were accommodated by means of casting molds.Casting mold for making bodies (Fig. 2a): this consists of the mobile half-mold 10 and immobile part 12, together with the plunger 7, sleeves 6 and 11, driving sleeve 16, and expulsion space 4. The mold also includes the threaded inserts 10 and 13, the plates 3, 5, and 8, the flanges 2 and 14, the pin 19, the sleeve 18, the column 17, and the screws 1 and 15. To provide rapid solidification in the half-molds, there are channels 9 for supplying cooling water. A casting mold has one plane of section. To avoid considerable complication in the design, the casting mold works in semiautomatic mode with manual setting of the sleeve 11.Casting mold for making cones of all standard sizes (Fig. 2b): this consists of the immobile part 6 and mobile housing 5, to which are attached the sections of the molds 8, 9, and 10, the immobile flange 7 and the mobile flange 2,
In this article, a description is given of hydrodynamic test data for a new short-layered regular packing from corrugated polymer sheets for evaporative cooling of circulation water in cooling towers. The test data are depicted as dependence of hydraulic resistance coefficients on airflow velocity.In order to raise the efficiency of evaporative cooling in cooling towers, use is made of packing devices with a developed contact surface. A great many packing designs have been proposed for intensifying evaporative cooling in cooling towers. The most popular ones are structured packings belonging to the family of film-type packing devices [1]. These packings are made in the form of blocks of various heights from corrugated sheets [2][3][4][5][6]. In spite of their high heat-and mass-transferring efficiency, structured packings have a number of deficiencies, one of which is uneven distribution of phases over the apparatus cross section because the geometric structure of these packings prevents communication of the contacting flows between the channels formed by the adjoining sheets [7].One of the promising lines of improving film-type regular packings is use of "end effects" [8]. Using end effects, the Moscow State University of Engineering Ecology (MGUIE) has developed a short-layered packing (SLP).In this work, studies have been made of the heat-and mass-transfer and hydrodynamic characteristics of the new film-type regular packing. The new packing ensures intensification of cooling of circulation water on account of gaps between the tiers (rows) and turning of the adjoining tiers by 90°relative to each other, i.e., on account of use of end effects. The gaps created between the tiers by using spacers facilitate breakup (disruption) of the liquid film, agitation of the flow, and increase in transverse motion of the contacting flows. According to the data in [2,9], these methods help accelerate heat-and masstransfer processes.This article contains hydraulic resistance test data for blocks of a newly designed dry and irrigated (sprinkled) SLP of various heights. The SLP was built around the 19-type packing made by the company CHV [6]. The new design was created from the elements of this packing. The general view of the original packing block is shown in Fig. 1.The blocks of the tested SLP were assembled from vertically arranged corrugated (crimped) polypropylene sheets contacted by projecting trapezoid corrugations. The corrugations on the adjoining sheets were slanted on opposite sides with a 60°angle to the horizontal plane (floor). The height of the crest of the trapezoid corrugations was 19 mm. Each sheet was 0.44 mm thick [6]. The total height of the SLP blocks was 0.96, 1.05, and 1.23 m. The block of the new packing consists of tiers so arranged that each successive tier is turned 90°in the horizontal plane relative to the preceding one. The adjoining tiers were separated across the height by spacers. Consequently, the block with a height of 0.96 m consisted of three tiers of 0.3 m in height each and two gaps of 0...
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