No abstract

Summary Fifteen components of volatile oils were tested for their activity against Microsporum audouinii and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The fungistatic activity was evaluated by the agar‐diffusion and broth‐dilution techniques. Comparison of the results showed that the latter technique was more reliable and could evaluate the fungicidal activity as well. Among the tested compounds, cinnamaldehyde possessed the highest fungistatic and fungicidal activities towards both dermatophytes. This was followed in descending order of activity by citral, geraniol and carvone. Eucalyptol was the least active, while geranyl acetate was devoid of any activity. The remaining compounds showed moderate activities, though M. audouinii was more sensitive than T. mentagrophytes. Zusammenfassung Fünfzehn Bestandteile flüchtiger Öie wurden auf ihre Wirksamkeit gegen Microsporum audouinii und Trichophyton mentagrophytes untersucht. Die fungistatische Wirksamkeit wurde mit Hilfe der Agardiffusion sowie durch Bouillon‐Verdünnungs‐reihen ermittelt. Der Vergleich der Ergebnisse zeigt, daß die zuletzt genannte Ermittlungsart zuverlässiger ist als die Agardiffusionsmethode. Zudem hat die Bouillon‐Verdiinnungsreihe den Vorteil, daß sie audi zur Ermittlung der fungiziden Wirkung verwendet werden kann. Von den geprüften Verbindungen zeigte Cinnamaldehyd die hochste fungistische und fungizide Wirksamkeit gegen Dermatophyten. Die antimykotische Aktivität nahm in seiner Wirkung wie folgt ab: Cinnamaldehyd, Citral, Geraniol und Carvon. Eukalyptol hatte die geringste Wirksamkeit, während für Geranylacetat überhaupt keine Wirkung festgestellt wurde. Bei den restlichen Verbindungen fanden sich noch geringere Aktivitäten. M. audouinii reagierte empfindlicher als T. mentagrophetes.

A g g a g and S. M. K h a f a g y Some plants belonging to the genus Erigeron (Compositae) are mentioned in the literature, both as a folk remedy for the treatment of certain diseases, and as a subject of interest for various researches. D r a g e n d o r f f (1898) reported the use of E. canadense L. for treating diarrhoeas and dysenteries. The same plant was reported by P h i l l i p s (1917) as a remedy for sore throat and ring worm; W a t t e and B r e y e r (1962) stated that a liquid extract of the plant has been used in U.S.A. for haemoptysis, cystitis, gonorrhoea and other genito-urinary diseases. Moreover, the essential oil of E. canadense was official in the United States Pharmacopoeia from 1863 till 1916; the oil was used medicinally as diuretic, tonic, astringent and for arresting internal haemorrhage. A c r e e et al. (1945) isolated an amide possessing insecticidal properties from the light petroleum extract of the root of E. affinis D. C. G i r a l and co-workers (1947) isolated d-mannitol from the roots of the same plant. G o t t s h a I1 et al. (1949) reported that E. canadense has some antibacterial activity especially against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This report was confirmed later by L u c a s and associates (1955). K a re1 and R o a c h (1951) found that E. canadense inhibits Escherichia coli. I m a i and M a y a m a (1953, 1954) isolated pyromeconic acid, quercetin and apigenin 7-glucuronide from E. annuus Pers., as well as quercetin and quercitrin from E. bonariensis L. Erigeron is represented in Egypt by four species: E. canadensis L., E. alpinus L a m., E. kartuinskyanns, and E. crispus P o u r r. In the present work, two phytosterols, a triterpenoid, choline, quercetin and a volatileoil are isolated and characterized from Erigeron crispus P o u rr. (Arabic name, Rihan-fassed). In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the oil is reported. Experimental Plant material The plant material was collected in March and April from flowering plants growing wild around the Medicinal Plant Garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria. The plant was identified by Mrs. V. T a c k h o 1 m , Professor of Plant Taxonomy, Universitv of Cairo. The whole plant was air-dried and powdered. For the preparatio~l of the volatile oil, fresh samples of the whole plant were used.

BACKGROUND: Many clinical cases present with bilateral edentulous area and in a majority of those cases implant restoration may not be feasible. Consequently, the use of a conventional metallic partial denture is still in demand. With the rise of attention to physical appearance in our daily life, esthetics became an integral part of dental practice. Therefore, patients request esthetic restorations anteriorly conditioned with not compromising on function. Amongst the most popular esthetic and functional restorations is zirconia. Zirconia has proven to be able to withstand functional and occlusal stresses without compromising the cosmetic effect required from a tooth-colored restoration. Which is what makes it ideal for use as surveyed crowns to support partial dentures. OBJECTIVES: This case report aimed at highlighting a technique to restore a partially edentulous patient using a metallic partial denture supported by CAD-CAM surveyed zirconia crowns.