This research is motivated by the learning process that is carried out online and offline with reduced time to achieve learning objectives optimally and causes students' interest in learning to decrease. This study aims to produce quality instrument validation that will be used in assessing kinemaster-assisted mathematics learning videos. Development research was carried out using the Plomp model. The Plomp model consists of 3 stages, preliminary research, prototyping phase and assessment phase. The subjects of this research are 3 expert validators who are competent in their fields. This study uses instruments of validity, practicality and effectiveness. The research data were collected using observation sheets, interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques used are preliminary data analysis, validity data analysis, practicality data analysis and effectiveness data analysis. Based on the results of the assessment of the interview sheets, observations and questionnaires using instrument validation, it is stated that the three assessment sheets are in the very valid category, so that the interview, observation and questionnaire sheets can be used to obtain assessment data and information on research needs.
The purpose of this study is to improve the mathematical problem solving ability of students who are taught by applying a problem based learning model that is taught by a direct learning model. Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach can be used as a solution in learning mathematics. The research method used is a quasi-experimental research in the form of a posttest and there is an experimental class and a control class. This research method is a meta-analysis with a sample of 5 articles in Sinta 3-6 accredited national journals from 2017 to 2021 with the research subject being junior high and high school education levels. Meta-analysis research shows that the effect of Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning approach is effective on problem solving abilities. The research data were collected through the provision of instruments in the form of a mathematical problem solving ability test in the form of description questions and observation sheets. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant effect of the Problem Based Learning model on mathematical problem solving abilities.
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