Background: Preeclampsia is a systemic disorder that affects multiple organs and is characterized by the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria or end-organ dysfunction or both in the second half of pregnancy. NGAL is a 25-KDa protein of the lipocalin family and is considered to be a novel biomarker for ischemic injury. The objective of this study is to compare the levels of serum NGAL in preeclamptic patients and gestational age matched normotensive controls.Methods: The study design is case control study in which pregnant women with preeclampsia (n=40) are selected as cases. Cases were selected from pregnant women attending OG-OPD and IP satisfying the inclusion criteria and not coming under exclusion criteria. 0.5ml of blood was collected in vacutainers and was centrifuged at 3500rpm for 10 minutes. The serum thus separated was aliquoted into smaller plain containers and stored at -20 degree Celsius for analysis. The urine sample was also collected. Controls were also selected from the OP patients.Results: In present study, the serum NGAL ranged from 40-900ng/ml in cases and from 110-795ng/ml in controls. There is no difference in NGAL between cases and control. The correlation coefficients between the NGAL levels and other parameters like maternal age, gestational age, systolic Blood pressure, diastolic Blood pressure, uric acid levels, urine PCR are also not statistically significant.Conclusions: Serum NGAL levels are not significantly elevated in patients with preeclampsia when compared with the normotensive controls and also there is no significant correlation between serum NGAL levels and other assessed parameters.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper aims to reduce the manpower, electricity, and water consumption for irrigation.
Design/methodology/approach
The IoT-based smart irrigation system designed with various sensors to collect farm field data, and stored all the data in the cloud for scheduling the irrigation.
Findings
This system reduces the water and electricity consumption, and labor cost.
Research limitations/implications
Difficult to implement on a small farm field with different crops.
Practical implications
Crop type, soil type and environment data should be considered for better saving of water.
Social implications
Reduces the water consumption, electricity, man power and increase production.
Originality/value
The soil type, crop type and environment data have been added before irrigation. The climate data also included before scheduling. Dynamic changing of irrigation timings based on the climate and sensor data.
Abstract:In this paper, we consider 'secure attribute based system with short ciphertext' is a tool for implementing fine-grained access control over encrypted data, and is conceptually similar to traditional access control methods such as Role-Based Access Control. However, current 'secure attribute based system with short ciphertext' schemes suffer from the issue of having long decryption keys, in which the size is linear to and dependent on the number of attributes.Ciphertext-Policy ABE (CP-ABE) provides a scalable way of encrypting data such that the encryptor defines the attribute set that the decryptor needs to possess in order to decrypt the ciphertext. We propose a novel 'secure attribute based system with short ciphertext' scheme with constantsize decryption keys independent of the number of attributes. We found that the size can be as small as 672 bits.
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