Porcine peripheral T-cells bear CD4 and CD8 cell surface antigens that distinguish helper from cytotoxic T-cells. In distinction from what has been found in other species, a large percentage of peripheral T-cells simultaneously express both CD4 and CD8. Monoclonal antibody 76-7-4 was found to stain all cortical and 7 +/- 3% of medullary thymocytes, Ia+ epidermal cells (i.e. Langerhans cells), no peripheral T-cells and 50% of peripheral B-cells. The antigen detected appears analogous to human CD1. All cortical thymocytes were also stained with CD4 and CD8 mAb. Since 76-7-4 did not stain peripheral T-cells, we conclude that CD4/CD8 dual-expressing peripheral T-cells are not simply immature thymic emigrants.
False-positive Histoplasma antigenemia was reported in solid organ allograft recipients who had received rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (RATG, RATG) caused by human anti-rabbit antibodies (HARA). A second-generation Histoplasma antigen detection assay was developed to overcome false positivity caused by HARA. With the second-generation assay, false-positive results were eliminated in 18 of 19 cases without reduction in the sensitivity in patients with histoplasmosis. In fact, sensitivity for detection of antigenuria in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and disseminated histoplasmosis was higher in the second-generation assay. Physicians should be aware of the potential for false-positive results in sandwich immunoassays in specimens from patients who have received RATG.
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