The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with the presence of Toxoplasma gondii in pig-fattening farms from Yucatan, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a two-stage sampling. There were 429 pigs sampled from 39 farms randomly selected. Blood samples were collected to obtain DNA and serum. The presence of IgM and IgG antibodies was determined by indirect ELISA. Prevalence was estimated by diagnostic test. Potential risk factors to be included in a marginal logistic regression were tested by chi-square or Fisher. The prevalence of IgM and IgG was 92.5% (397/429) (CI 89.9–95.1%) and 95.8% (411/429) (CI 93.7–97.8%), respectively. Regarding PCR, a prevalence of 50.8% (218/429) (CI 45.9–55.6%) was found. The logistic regression showed an association with herd size and type of feeder (P < 0.05). The risk of a case in farms with ≤400 pigs was 27.9 times higher than in farms with >400 pigs. The manual feeder was a significant protective factor associated with the seropositive against T. gondii. Results indicate a high circulation of T. gondii in pig-fattening farms from Yucatan, finding an increased risk of infection for those farms with less than 400 animals and automatic feeders.
Introducción. La Enteropatía Proliferativa Porcina es una enfermedad emergente a nivel mundial, causada por una bacteria intracelular recientemente denominada Lawsonia intracellularis. Esta bacteria afecta a todos los cerdos observandose una mayor frecuencia en la población de engorda. En Yucatán no existe información sobre la presencia y distribución de esta enfermedad.
Objetivo. Detectar la presencia de Lawsonia intracellularis en cerdos de engorda de granjas porcícolas del estado de Yucatán.
Material y Métodos. Se trabajó un total de 20 granjas porcícolas las cuales fueron seleccionadas por conveniencia. Diez unidades de muestreo fueron seleccionadas de cada granja buscando la representatividad y considerando una prevalencia del 25% un nivel de confianza de 95% y una población promedio de 2000 animales. Cada unidad fue conformada recolectando heces de 4 animales de entre 30 y 90 Kg. La técnica diagnóstica que se utilizó en el laboratorio fue la de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa.
Resultados. De un total de 20 granjas estudiadas 8 resultaron positivas a la presencia de Lawsonia intracellularis en la población de engorda. Esto representa un 40% de granjas infectadas con prevalencias ≥ al 25%. Con respecto al total de unidades de muestreo 23 (13%) resultaron positivas y 174 (87%) resultaron negativas. Se pudo observar una mayor frecuencia de granjas positivas con poblaciones de engorda mayor a 7000 cerdos de engorda.
Conclusión. Se puede concluir que la bacteria Lawsonia intracellularis está presente en granjas porcinas del estado de Yucatán con prevalencias ≥ 25%.
Protective effect against Rhodococcus equi infection in mice of IgG purified from horses vaccinated with virulence associated protein (VapA)-enriched antigens.
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