Представлены теоретические основания для анализа специфики процессов регуляции эмоций в контексте изучения психологических предикторов развития эмоциональных нарушений. Рассмотрены нейробиологические, психологические, межличностные и социокультурные факторы, влияющие на предпочтение тех или иных стратегий регуляции эмоций. Обобщены стратегии регуляции эмоций в соотношении с отдельными психическими расстройствами. Обозначены возможности конструкта «регуляция эмоций» в оценке эффективности психокоррекции и психотерапии.
The article considers a new diagnostic category — complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD), introduced into the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Differences in the mechanism of influence of situational and prolonged trauma are analyzed. CPTSD diagnostic criteria are compared to PTSD and BPD (borderline personality disorder) symptoms. The term “disturbances in self-organi¬zation” is analyzed, which explains the main mechanism of the impact of complex trauma and includes emotional dysregulation, disturbances in self-perception and relationships. Psychotherapeutic approaches developed for PTSD were shown to be insufficient for the treatment of CPTSD. The article reviews an approach to CPSTD therapy based on the consensus of experts in the field of post-traumatic stress and its possible limitations are discussed. “Component based psychotherapy” — another approach to CPTSD therapy — is described. Specific features of psychotherapy for complex trauma are discussed.
The article presents the research of the emotion regulation in women standing in relationships with addicted partners. It also provides additional results of adaptation of the “Spann–Fischer Codependency Scale” (SF CDS). The sample of the study consisted of women living together with addicted individuals (N=154) aged from 24 to 60 years (M=46,18, SD=8,72). SF CDS showed high reliability indicators. Spenn–Fisher's theoretical model of codependency has been empirically validated CMIN=79,4, df=62; CMIN/df=1,28; p=0,067; AGFI=0,956; RMSEA=0,026; SRMR=0,034. Construct validity tests showed higher rates of codependency in the sample of women who are in relationships with addicts compared to the sample of students. Structural model of the influence of emotion regulation on the severity of codependency is presented. It is shown that the degree of codependency depends on the ability to regulate emotions sufficiently. The exaggeration of the likelihood of a bad outcome of the situation ("catastrophization") and the tendency to mentally fixate on negative events and one's own feelings ("rumination") increase the severity of the state of codependency. The strategy of positive refocusing, as well as the ability to reappraise the meaning of the situation, contribute to the prevention of codependency.
Представлены результаты апробации сокращенной версии опросника долгового поведения. Опросник позволяет оценить некоторые аспекты долгового поведения различных категорий респондентов. Теоретической основой явились отечественные и зарубежные исследования по экономической психологии: долговое поведение как вид экономического поведения тесно связано с экономическим сознанием, включающим представления о долге, социальные установки, отношения и ценностные ориентации.
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