Emotion Regulation and Psychological Well-Being: Individual, Interpersonal and Cultural Factors

Padun, M.A.

doi:10.31857/s020595920004052-3

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…М.А. Падун [4] понимает РЭ двояко: как процесс, отражающий развертывание регуляторных усилий, и как свойство, связанное с индивидуальными различиями в способах РЭ. Различные виды РЭ имеют различные последствия и прикладное значение.…”

Section:  введениеunclassified

Emotion Regulation: a Psychophysiological Review

Гаджиева¹,

Косоногов²

2023

Психиатрия, Психотерапия И Клиническая Психология

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Обзор знакомит читателя с современными психофизиологическими подходами к исследованию регуляции эмоций и кратко обозначает полученные с помощью таких подходов результаты. Рассматриваются различные теории, разработанные исследователями, методики предъявления с помощью различных шкал, опросников, а также экспериментальных парадигм. Подтверждается ухудшение здоровья человека при неспособности к регулированию эмоций и, наоборот, улучшение самочувствия при использовании стратегий регуляции. Среди видов регуляции эмоций наиболее распространенными являются когнитивная переоценка и подавление выражения. Доказано, что когнитивная переоценка способствует уменьшению эмоционального состояния, сменяя негативные мысли на более позитивные, а подавление выражения помогает в краткосрочной перспективе. Среди соматовегетативных методов исследования эмоционального состояния при осуществлении регуляции стоит упомянуть лицевую электромиографию, измерение кожно-гальванической реакции, кардиографию. Данные методы позволяют быстро, с наименьшими затратами оценить качество регуляции эмоции. Результаты показывают, что активность мышцы, сморщивающей бровь, увеличивается при просмотре неприятных изображений и уменьшается при использовании стратегий переоценки, а большая скуловая мышца возбуждается при успешной регуляции эмоций. Кожная проводимость дает противоречивые результаты, что не позволяет определить более успешную стратегию регуляции. Частота сердечных сокращений является лучшим индикатором определения регуляции эмоций, показывающим замедление частоты. Немаловажными показателями являются размер зрачка и частота дыхательных движений. Мозговое обеспечение регуляции эмоций изучается с помощью методов электроэнцефалографии, магнитоэнцефалографии, ближней инфракрасной спектроскопии, магнитнорезонансной томографии и транскраниальной стимуляции. Показано участие миндалины, островковой коры, лобных областей коры в процессе регуляции эмоций. Эти данные прокладывают путь для нейропсихологических исследований и практик, обеспечивающих развитие регуляции эмоций и сглаживание ее снижения при поражении определенных участков мозга. The review introduces the reader to contemporary psychophysiological approaches for studying emotion regulation and briefly outlines findings from such approaches. Various theories developed by researchers, as well as methods of presentation using various scales, questionnaires, and experimental paradigms, are reviewed. Health deterioration under failure to regulate emotions and, conversely, health improvement under use of emotions regulation strategies are confirmed. Among the types of emotion regulation, the most common are cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. It has been proven that cognitive reappraisal helps to reduce the emotional state, replacing negative thoughts with more positive ones, while expressive suppression helps in the short term. Among somatovegetative methods of studying the emotional state in the implementation of regulation, facial electromyography, galvanic skin response measurement, and electrocardiography are worth mentioning. These methods allow performing a quick, cost-effective assessment of emotion regulation quality. The results show that the activity of the corrugator supercilii increases when viewing unpleasant images and decreases when using reappraisal strategies, and the large zygomaticus major is excited upon successful emotion regulation. Skin conductivity provides inconsistent results, not allowing a more successful regulation strategy to be determined. Heart rate is the best indicator for determining emotions regulation, demonstrating a deceleration in frequency. Pupil size and respiratory rate also are important indicators. Brain support of emotion regulation is studied using electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, near- infrared spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, and transcranial stimulation. The involvement of the amygdala, insular cortex, and frontal cortical regions in the process of emotion regulation is shown. These findings pave the way for neuropsychological studies and practices providing for the development of emotion regulation and smoothing its decline when certain brain areas are affected.

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Section:  введениеunclassified

Emotion Regulation: a Psychophysiological Review

Гаджиева¹,

Косоногов²

2023

Психиатрия, Психотерапия И Клиническая Психология

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“…В наибольшей степени чувствительное отношение к пандемии определялось схемами «Покинутость», «Уязвимость», «Негативизм», «Пунитивность» [13]. Выявлены особенности иррациональных установок и дезадаптивных схем среди женщин, находящихся в браке и состоящих в разводе [17]. Анализу подвергались РДС молодых женщин, неудовлетворенных собственным внешним видом и использующих различные модели пищевого поведения с целью коррекции веса.…”

Section: психологические убеждения и ранние дезадаптивные схемы личностиunclassified

Psychological Assumptions and Early Maladaptive Schemas in People with Traumatic Experience

Stepashkina,

Suleymanova

2023

Консультативная Психология И Психотерапия

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Introduction. This article describes the mutual influence of the phenomena of psychological assumptions, early maladaptive schemas (EMS), traumatic experience. The significance of this study is based to the need for psychologists to carry out practical work with the complexity and severity of the consequences of a person’s traumatic experience, specifics of beliefs and EMS. Purpose: To study psychological assumptions and EMS, which are formed from childhood and increase the impact on the personality in connection with the traumatic experience reducing the adaptive capacity of the individual. Methods. The article presents the results of a study of 45 people: females (31 participants) and males (14 participants), at the age 24–40 years old (M = 33,9; SD = 5). The specificity of the manifestation of differences in psychological assumptions and EMS in individuals with high and low rates of trauma is described. The following methods were used: the questionnaire of traumatic situations (Life Experience Questionnaire – LEQ), an adaptation of the WAS (World Assumptions Scale), the questionnaire for an adapted version of determining early maladaptive schemes by Jeffrey E. Young. Results and conclusions. Differences in groups with high and low rates of traumatism were identified: the individuals who survived a traumatic experience are characterized by a higher level of EMS «Abandonment/Instability», «Social Isolation», «Vulnerability» and «Negativity/Pessimism»; persons with a low level of traumatism are characterized by the manifestation of conviction in the «goodwill of the world». A relationship was found between the image of the «Self», the basic belief about luck, a high level of trauma and EMS in people who had a traumatic experience.

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“…To describe the traumatic event, the metaphor of "personality breakdown", "loss of a part of oneself" or "part of one's personality" is often used. The depth of the disruption of the subsystems and the level of impact of the traumatic event on the personality directly depends on the degree of a person's ability to adapt to a traumatic situation, and on building new emotional connections after the loss [5][6][7]. A traumatic situation is characterized as a dynamic process "influencing perception; namely, how the vision of the present, past and future changes".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representations about emotional reactions to perinatal loss

Маркман

Tushnova

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Perinatal loss refers to a traumatic event that has a significant impact on the mental health of a woman. Perinatal loss is a complicated emotional ordeal for both the woman and her family. Women who have lost a child during pregnancy or after childbirth have practically no direct life experience of communicating with an infant, while grief in the context of perinatal loss does not significantly differ in intensity from another type of loss. This article describes the results of a research on the representations regarding emotional reactions while experiencing perinatal loss during pregnancy and after birth. The study involved 84 people, aged 19 to 61 (47% men). The authors’ questionnaire and statistical methods were used (descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney test, Wilcoxon Test, and χ2-test). It was established that the representations about the situations that can be attributed to perinatal loss and types of assistance are different for men and women who have the experience of perinatal loss and those who do not; the differences are observed in the assessments of emotional experiences during the loss of a fetus and the loss of a newborn for men and women who have the experience of perinatal loss, and those who do not; men and women may have differences in assessing emotional experiences in the situation of losing a fetus during pregnancy or losing a newborn. The perspectives of the research are the study of factors influencing the loss and distortion of the image of the physical I for women who have experienced perinatal loss.

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Emotion Regulation and Psychological Well-Being: Individual, Interpersonal and Cultural Factors

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Emotion Regulation: a Psychophysiological Review

Emotion Regulation: a Psychophysiological Review

Psychological Assumptions and Early Maladaptive Schemas in People with Traumatic Experience

Representations about emotional reactions to perinatal loss

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