This study aims to establish a connection between the trihalogenomethanes content in drinking water of an infiltration intake and parameters characterizing water quality (turbidity, chromaticity, oxidizability), chlorine doses, and water consumption. Trihalomethanes include chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform. It is known that trihalomethanes can harm public health. These compounds have a toxic polymorphism and can cause long-term effects, including carcinogenesis. It is shown that a satisfactory description of the trihalogenomethanes content can be obtained by modeling the annual cycle, taking into account the displacement of parameters (2-3 months), relative to the trihalogenomethanes content. Equations considering the displacement of water quality indicators have a high determination coefficient (0.95-0.97). The use of the same displacement for the time series of true values allows us to obtain equations with a sufficiently high determination coefficient, which indicates the possibility of their use for the predictive assessment of the trihalomethanes content in drinking water.
No abstract
Preparation of drinking water for infiltration water intake, as a rule, includes the stage of water disinfection with chlorine-containing agents. When chlorinating drinking water, trihalomethanes (TGM)-halogen organic compounds are formed, which can have a negative impact on human health, have remote carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. The similarity found in the curves of the change in the chlorine dose introduced into the treated water in order to ensure bactericidal action and the total concentration of the components of THM suggests a possible relationship between the values of these parameters. As a result, it was found that the «chlorine dose-concentration of TGM components» dependence is described by a linear relationship for both the total TGM value and for its individual components: chloroform (CHF), bromochloromethane (DBH), dibromochloromethane (DBH) with correlation coefficients equal to 0,79; 0.81; 0.77 respectively. The obtained values of correlation coefficients on the Caddock scale indicate the presence of a high coupling strength between the indicators considered. The total content of TGM and its components in drinking water has been predicted, depending on the dose of chlorine injected using proportional dependencies. It is established that the error of the proposed forecast is 11-30 % with an accuracy of analytical determination of the concentrations of the THM components, which is 26-42 %. Thus, it is possible to roughly estimate the total contents of TGM and their components in drinking water after chlorination, using the chlorine dose in calculations or based on the concentration of TGM and its components, taking into account the periods preceding the predicted one.
The influence of the wind regime on the methanol concentration in the city residential area, which is released into the atmosphere as a result of the petrochemical enterprise, is analyzed. The initial data are the data obtained by the automatic atmospheric air control station (AAACS). There are the time series of the methanol concentration changes, the speed and angle of the wind direction for 3 years. The analysis of methanol concentration changes in the air of a settlement depending on the wind regime was carried out. It was revealed that the quality of atmospheric air in the residential area deteriorates with the north, east and south-west wind directions. Three-dimensional diagrams were built. They display the change in the methanol concentration in the atmospheric air depending on two parameters: wind direction and speed. It was found that at a wind speed of 1-2 m /s increase the air methanol concentration in the zone of population compact residence. The ways of methanol intake into the atmospheric air at dangerous wind directions have been determined. It has been established that an increase of the atmospheric air methanol concentration is due to the following reasons: the emission of a polluted gas mixture by a petrochemical enterprise, mechanical turbulence due to the high roughness of the underlying surface, the accumulation of pollutants over a reduced pressure area, in particular, over water bodies.
В обеспечении санитарно-эпидемиологического благоп олучия, качества жизни и охраны здоровья людей особое место принадлежит качеству питьевой воды. Риск для здоровья человека, обусловленный качеством питьевой воды, в настоящее время является одной из важнейших медико-экологических проблем [1-3]. Наиболее часто вода с целью обеззараживания подвергается хлорированию, в результате чего происходит образование хлорорганических УДК 613.34
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