Haemoprotozoan infections causes devasting loss to the livestock population through mortality and morbidity thereby reducing their production and lowered working efficiency. The present study was conducted to investigate the haemoprotozoan infection in equines in the district Larkana in northern Sindh, Pakistan. A total of 300 blood samples were collected from different species of equines in various localities of Larkana. The study was carried on stray and reared equines, including horses, donkeys and mules. The overall prevalence rate of protozoan infection in equines was found as 23.33% (70 animals) at different talukas/tehsils of district Larkana. Equine species wise haemoprotozoan infection was recorded as 7.69%, 24.11% and 20% in horses, donkeys and mules, respectively. Overall age-wise protozoan prevalence was determined as 18.5% in below 2 year and 23.80% in above 2 years age group. Whereas, in horses the infection rate was noted as 7.69% in above 2 years age group. The donkeys, above 2 years age group were susceptible for haemoprotozoan infections, which was recorded as 24.70% as compared to below 2 years age group (18.51%). In case of mules, the infection rate was recorded as 20% in above 2 years of age group. Overall gender-wise protozoan prevalence was found 43.46% in male equines, whereas in female, it was 21.73%. Equine species wise infection was recorded high in male of horses (9.09%), donkeys (24.13%) and mule (20%) as compared to female horses (0%), donkeys (23.80%) and mule (0%). Housing wise prevalence was recorded as high (51.51%) in chhapra than open (15.97%) and paka (24.39%).The management wise infection was recorded as 100% in stray equines as compared to reared ones (22.81%). The current study provides a baseline data on the prevalence of haemoprotozoans in equines in northern Sindh which may be helpful in designing control strategies for infectious diseases in equines.
The prevalence incidence and biochemical characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wounds of buffalos, goats, dogs, donkeys and chickens were studied during present indigestion.The highest infection of Staphylococcus aureus was found in wound samples of buffalos (70.00%). as compared to goat, (33%), dog, (3%) donkey (40%) and chicken, (46.66%) respectively. The overall pure samples with Staphylococcus auerus from the animals was recorded as 39.13% while mixed infection was observed as 34.78%. The shape of Staphylococcus auerus isolated from buffalos, goat, and chicken were cocci, spherical, round in shape and characterized as G+ve. The Staphylococcus auerus isolated from all the animals were non-motile. It is concluded that highest infections of Staphylococcus aureus was found in buffalo (70.00%), whereas highest number of Staphylococcus aureus bacterial specie was observed as compared to other bacterial species.
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