A helium liquefier using three 4 k pulse tube cryocoolers AIP Conference Proceedings 1434, 1640 (2012); 10.1063/1.4707096 RE-CONDENSATION AND LIQUEFACTION OF HELIUM AND HYDROGEN USING COOLERS M. A. GreenLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720, USA ABSTRACTCoolers are used to cool cryogen free devices at temperatures from 5 to 30 K. Cryogen free cooling involves a temperature drop within the device being cooled and between the device and the cooler cold heads. Liquid cooling with a liquid cryogen distributed over the surface of a device combined with re-condensation can result in a much lower temperature drop between the cooler and the device being cooled. The next logical step beyond simple re-condensation is using a cooler to liquefy the liquid cryogen in the device. A number of tests of helium liquefaction and re-condensation of helium have been run using a pulse tube cooler in the drop-in mode. This report discusses the parameter space over which re-condensation and liquefaction for helium and hydrogen can occur.
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