This study examines the influence of the tissue preparation "NICAVET 2500" on an organism of mammals with use of rodent models of acute inflammation. It is established that action of a preparation leads to decrease in ESR. Hematologic and biochemical parameters also testify to anti-inflammatory action of "NICAVET 2500". Results of histological and morphometric research of a spleen and a thymus show processes of proliferation and migration of immunocytes, testifying to activization of immune reactions. In a thymus of rats of experimental group in comparison with control an increase in the dimensions of thymic lobules and also an increase in quantity of Hassal's bodies, testifying to intensification of synthesis of the thymic hormones participating in process of an immunopoesis are revealed. As a result of the use of the preparation an increase of ability of an organism to resist alteration and also essential decrease in a level of development of inflammatory reaction of an organism are observed. The conducted research demonstrates the expressed immunomodulatory action of a preparation "NICAVET 2500" at an experimental model of inflammation.
A study of the influence of chronic alcohol intoxication, constant illumination and their combined effects on the morphofunctional state of the rat liver and the circadian rhythms (CR) of the studied parameters of the organism was carried out. It was found that both alcohol and constant illumination caused significant changes in the structure of the liver, as well as in the circadian rhythmicity of micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes, ALT, and total and direct bilirubin rhythms; however, the combined effects of ethanol and constant illumination had the most significant effect on the studied parameters of the organism. These two factors caused disturbances in the circadian rhythms of the micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes, disruption of the circadian rhythms of total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, and direct and total bilirubin, as well as disturbances in the expression and rhythmicity of the studied clock genes against a background of the development of an inflammatory process in the liver.
The effect of chronic alcohol intoxication on the daily rhythm of micromorphometric parameters characterizing the morphological and functional state of the liver is studied on 80 male Wistar rats of 6 months age, divided into 2 equal groups. The first group served as control; rats of the second group (experiment) were kept under similar conditions but got as a drink a 15% ethanol solution ad libitum instead of water. After three weeks of the experiment, animals were euthanized consistently at four-time points during the day. The pathomorphological study of the liver was carried out, the daily dynamics of the nucleus and cell (by area and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR)), ploidy of mononuclear hepatocytes, and the proportion of binuclear hepatocytes were measured. The reliability of circadian rhythm (CR) was determined by cosinor analysis. The study indicates complex changes in the organization of rhythmostasis in the experiment. The chrono-destructive effect of experimental alcohol intoxication on the CR of the cell and NCR, as well as the chronomodulating effect to the CR of the nucleus are established. The effect of ethanol on the CR of ploidy and the number of binuclear hepatocytes, as well as on the nature of their variation at the studied time points is established. An increase in the ploidy of hepatocytes and an in the number of binuclear cells is revealed, which indicates the beginning of the deployment of adaptive-compensatory reactions in the organ.
The aim of the research was to study the effect of chronic alcohol intoxication and constant il-lumination on the circadian rhythms (CR) of some parameters of the cardiovascular system in rats separately, as well as to study the rhythms of these parameters under the combined action of chronic alcohol intoxication (CAI) and constant illumination. It was found that chronic alcohol intoxication CAI at a fixed light regime causes a decrease in heart rate, an increase in SBP and PP; no changes were noted at CAI under constant lighting. At the same time, constant illumina-tion without ethanol exposure results in a decrease in heart rate and an increase in PP. At the same time, CAI with a fixed light regime leads to the destruction of CR of all parameters, except for MBP; at constant illumination with CAI no circadian rhythms of HR, DBP, PP and MBP are detected. Constant illumination leads to the destruction of the CR of PP. Among the remaining CRs, the heart rate rhythm, which is extant in the second group, persists practically unchanged, but the characteristics of all other CRs change significantly in comparison with control.
BACKGROUND: Biological systems of all levels of organization are characterized by the rhythm of functioning processes, which are one of the fundamental properties of living matter. The complex of circadian rhythms of mammals, being genetically determined, is quite plastically modulated by the action of periodic factors of the external and internal environment. Significant factors in the disorganization of biorhythms in the modern world include a violation of the light-dark regime, so-called light pollution. Alcohol abuse remains one of the most important medical and social problems of modern society. One of the important effects of alcohol is its destructive effect on the circadian rhythms of many physiological processes. AIM: The aim of the research was to study the influence of constant lighting, chronic alcohol intoxication and joint effect of these factors on the diurnal dynamics of several biochemical parameters in Wistar rats of both sexes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 200 and 160 female outbred Wistar rats at the age of 6 months, weighing 350 15 g. Rats were divided into 8 groups. 1st group (control ♂) is kept at fixed light regime (light/dark 10:14 hours with lights on at 8:00 and off at 18:00). 2nd group, males (n = 50) is kept under the same conditions as the control, but receives a 15 % aqueous solution of ethanol ad libitum as a drink instead of water, i.e. is subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Group 3, males (n = 50) are kept under constant light. The 4th group, males (n = 50) are also kept under constant illumination and receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum as a drink. Group 5 (control ♀) females (n = 40), are kept at a fixed light regime (light/dark 10:14 am with lights on at 8:00 and off at 18:00). The 6th group, females (n = 40) are kept under the same conditions as the control, but receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum instead of water as a drink, i.e. subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Group 7, females (n = 40) are kept under constant light. The 8th group, females (n = 40) are also kept under constant light and receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum as a drink. In the blood samples taken at 9:00, 15:00, 21:00 and 3:00 hours the content of AST, ALT, glucose, total protein, albumin, total and direct bilirubin was measured. The reliability of circadian rhythmicity of studied parameters was assessed with use of cosinor analysis. RESULTS: It is established that the chronic alcohol intoxication, constant illumination and joint action of this factors lead to similar changes in biochemical parameters in rats of both sexes, but in female rats the level of AST, total and direct bilirubin changes as a result of three weeks of intoxication, which is not observed in males. In turn, both individual and joint effects of chronic alcohol intoxication and dark deprivation lead to significant changes in rhythmostasis in rats, however, circadian rhythms of total protein, as well as both types of bilirubin, are more resistant to dark deprivation in females than in males. CONCLUSIONS: The conducted study testifies that a three-week chronic alcohol intoxication causes more significant changes in the biochemical profile in female rats compared to males. At the same time, the studied circadian rhythms of the biochemical parameters of the organism of females turn out to be more resistant to dark deprivation than those of males, being destroyed only under the combined action of chronic alcohol intoxication and constant illumination.
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