The subject of research was the techniques for the feed industry to select the main areas for improving the production of fish feed using promising competitive technologies and equipment. The research was carried out using information and analytical monitoring, as well as analysis and generalization of data obtained from open information sources. In the course of the research, the advantages of extrusion processes for the production of compound feed for aquaculture were identified and substantiated, in particular, such as sterilization; homogenization; stabilization of raw materials; increasing the digestibility of feed; reduced crumbling and less water pollution during feeding. These processes, due to their high efficiency and the possibility of using waste and secondary agricultural raw materials, can be considered as the best available technologies. The paper provides specifications of up-to-date feed extruders from foreign and domestic manufacturers. The advantages of using foreign technologies and equipment in the production of extruded fish feed at large enterprises are shown. It has been proven that mobile feed mills and mini-shops are promising for launching production directly at the farm using the available own raw materials and domestic equipment. The results of the work will contribute to the formation of an open source of information on the scientific and scientific-engineering groundwork in the field of innovative technologies and equipment for the production of feed for aquaculture. This includes providing their implementation at agricultural enterprises and the implementation of the state program of the Russian Federation titled ‘Development of the fishery industry’.
The paper analyzes the preparation and status of draft of subprograms of the Federal scientific and technical program for agricultural development for 2017-2025 (FSTP) on selection and seed production in crop production. The measures taken by the subjects of the Russian Federation for the purpose of implementing the FSTP subprograms, as well as a well-founded method for selecting potential customers for complex scientific and technical projects (CSTP), are presented. Recommendations have been prepared and suggestions have been made for selecting potential customers of the CSTP of FSTP. The analysis of the results of higher education institutions subordinated to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia as potential participants of the CSTP in the field of selection and seed production of agricultural crops is given.
The best available technologies (BAT) for the food and processing industry are presented. They are included in the Russian information and technical reference books (ITR-43, ITR-44, ITR-45). The state of production and applying the facilities for BAT in following areas specified in references: slaughter and primary processing of livestock; milk processing; production of meat products, sugar and vegetable oils; processing and preserving of fruits and vegetables. The level of technical import dependence in these areas is presented.
The current technologies for the production of high-quality fish feed using the extrusion method are discussed. Foreign and domestic equipment for their implementation is presented. Recommendations are given for expanding the range of and using new ingredients and additives in the formulations of compound feeds.
A process for the preparation of premixes using a two-stage dosing and mixing is described. Microcomponents are dosed and mixed at the first stage with the preparation of preliminary mixtures (mineral and vitamin), while the final dosing and mixing of the components with filler and are performed at the second stage. Three samples of water-soluble premixes for laying hens (sample no. 1 with feed vitamins and trace element sulfates; sample no. 2 - using food vitamins and organic forms of trace elements; sample no. 3 - using food vitamins and trace element sulfates) have been developed and prepared.
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