Lifestyle changes are central to preventing type 2 diabetes. Embarking upon and sustaining change is challenging, and translation of prevention approaches into a wider range of real-world settings is needed. In this study, a locally adapted community-led diabetes prevention program with local young Aboriginal facilitators was created and trialled through the Derby Aboriginal Health Service (DAHS). The 8-week program highlighted causes and consequences of diabetes, incorporated physical activity and healthy eating topics with a focus on practical activities, and included stress management to support healthy lifestyles. Ten Aboriginal women and men aged 18–38 years participated in the pilot program. The program was found to be acceptable and appropriate, and other community members and organisations expressed interest in future participation. Participants reported that they gained important new knowledge and made changes in behaviours including shopping choices, portioning and soft drink consumption. Limitations included participant recruitment and attendance difficulties, which were attributed to program timing and competing demands. While this program was designed to be sustainable, and there were indications of feasibility, resource constraints impeded its integration into routine primary health care. Prevention of diabetes is a high priority for DAHS, and this program, with appropriate resources, provides a basis for ongoing practical prevention strategies.

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Objective Supporting Early Childhood Development (ECD) is an Australian national priority. Aboriginal children in Western Australia's Kimberley region have much higher rates of developmental concerns at school entry than non‐Aboriginal children. We aimed to describe ECD practices in the participating service; document follow‐up of identified developmental concerns; and identify barriers and enablers to incorporating ECD practices into clinic activity. Design Mixed‐method design incorporating clinical audit and staff interviews. Setting An Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS) in the Kimberley region. Participants A total of 176 children receiving primary health care through the participating ACCHS; interviews with five ACCHS staff members. Main outcome measures Frequency of developmental enquiry by age and domain; follow‐up of identified developmental concerns; and barriers and enablers to ECD practices. Results Developmental enquiry was documented for 114 of 176 eligible children (65%), including in 80% of ACCHS child health assessments. Standardised ECD assessments were less common. Staff were aware of the importance of developmental enquiry, however, barriers to increasing ECD practices included a lack of resources and structured staff education, time pressures and a lack of role clarity between the ACCHS and government community health clinic. Conclusions This study provides insight into ECD practices in an ACCHS setting, highlighting the potential of primary health care to have an enhanced role in ECD if appropriate systems, training and tools are provided. A lack of role clarity across services, combined with poor communication between services, creates a potential risk for missed opportunities to support ECD.

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