This study was designed to verify the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) used as a neuromuscular block on spastic masticatory musculature of children with cerebral palsy. Six patients who had spastic-tetraplegic cerebral-palsy, aged 5 to 20 years were selected. All patients had spasticity of the jaw muscles, bruxism, lower lip trauma, limited mouth opening, and difficulties in cleaning the oral cavity. The patients were sedated under general anesthesia, while the dentist injected the masseter and temporalis muscles bilaterally with 150 and 75 units of BTX-A each. Clinical examinations were conducted at 7, 14, 30, and 90 days after the initial appointment. We found statistically significant decreases in muscle spasticity and bruxism (p = 0.002), improved inter-incisal opening (p = 0.002), improved oral hygiene (p = 0.031), and less lower lip trauma (p = 0.060) after the neuromuscular blocking.

The development of major complications following colectomy for colon cancer has a negative impact on long-term oncologic outcomes, especially in stage III disease.

The association between differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) has been reported in literature. Aim:To evaluate the incidence of this association and to determine whether the CLT may influence on the early initial staging of DTC when associated with other variable risks.Study design: Historical (retrospective) cohort. Materials and Methods:Fifty two patients with DTC were evaluated from 1999 to 2009. They were divided into two groups. The first group had 35 patients with DTC without DLT; the second had 17 patients with CLT. Total thyroidectomy was the treatment chosen for all patients. Similarities shared in both groups such as age, gender, histological tumor type, tumor diameter, regional only or with distant metastases, extrathyroidal invasion, multifocality and presence of tumor capsule were considered. T-Student tests and Chi-square tests were applied to analyze the data. Results:The incidence of DTC without CLT was higher that of DTC+CLT (p=0.0126). We noticed no statistic differences between the common variables analyzed. Conclusions:CLT occurred in 33% of the patients with DCT. All cases of DTC were in the early stages. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;77(1):77-83. BJORL ORIGINAL ARTICLE

We report a case of a 75-year-old man submitted to a rectosigmoidectomy and partial cystectomy because of a sigmoid cancer and colovesical fistula. Seven months later and after four cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy, a lesion was detected in the kidney. Histology revealed tubular adenocarcinoma, which meant sigmoid cancer metastasis. Kidney metastases are very rare in colorectal cancer (CRC), but may be generally associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Thus, patients with metastatic CRC and kidney tumors are a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

This study was undertaken to evaluate an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for hepatitis C virus antibody detection (anti-HCV