Colostrum has enough humoral and cellular elements to protect babies. Therefore, immune protection derived from breastfeeding depends on the immunoglobulin level of the colostrum as well as the amount of colostrum ingested.

The study was conducted to investigate the micronutrient profile of human colostrum, and to assess the association of maternal characteristics to the micronutrients. Colostral concentrations of antioxidant vitamins E, C, and A were 21.34 +/- 8.47, 148.92 +/- 43.64, 0.79 +/- 0.42 micromol/l, respectively. The antioxidant minerals copper, zinc, and iron contents were 19.17 +/- 11.73, 63.69 +/- 12.82, 11.44 +/- 1.46 micromol/l, respectively. Maternal characteristics did not have any influence on the colostral micronutrients.

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Linkages between diet habits and the quality of working life is a new phenomenon and continue to surface on many fronts. Evidences are there that dietary and non-dietary components are capable of influencing workplace activities, work life, and thereby work performance and productivity. This cross sectional study examined the quality of working life (QWL) and nutritional status of a representative group of sixty-five male workers in an industrial setting. Quality of work life index was measured by administering the scale developed by Yousuf. Nutritional status was assessed by 24-hr food recalls and anthropometric measures. The measured score for QWL ranged 185.0-212.0 with a mean of 193.83 ± 5.57, which is about seventy three percent of the totals, suggestive of 'medium' quality of QWL. Older with longer job experience, having higher salary and poorly educated workers showed significantly higher QWL score (p<0.01). They seem content with their work life and are satisfied in their job. Food and nutrient intakes were inadequate both in quality and quantity. Mean calorie intake was 2196 ± 400 kcal (79% RDI). Cereals and roots/tubers were the major contributor of energy (65% of the total) and protein consumed. Intakes of egg, meat and milk products were very poor. About twenty percent of the workers measured undernourished (BMI<18.5). Moderate level of QWL compounded with poor and inadequate nourishment would certainly compromise work performance and thereby contribute to low productivity.

Background: The growth of infants born to diabetic mothers is at greater risks because of their pregnancy related complications.Objectives: This study concerns comparison of BMI changes in different periods of infants born to pre-diabetic mothers (DM) and gestational diabetic mothers (GDM) with control infants born to apparently healthy non-diabetic mothers (NDM).Materials & Methods: This study comprising 251 newbornmother pairs (n: DM=86; GDM=86 and NDM=79) recruited from the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka.Results: BMI at birth was significantly higher for DM (BMI: 13.3±0.2 vs.12.6±0.2; p=0.003) and GDM (BMI: 13.7±0.2 vs.12.6±0.2; p<0.001) groups compared to the NDM group. On paired t tests, BMI increased significantly during 0-3 month period and 3-6 months periods in all groups (DM, GDM and NDM). At 0 month, compared to babies in the NDM group, mean BMI z-scores were significantly higher for the DM (-0.095±1.2 vs. -0.73±1.4; p=0.003) and GDM (0.16±1.4 vs.-0.73±1.4; p<0.001) groups. On paired-samples t tests, BMI Z-scores decreased from birth to 3 month of age in DM and GDM groups, but this decrease was significant for the GDM group only. In subsequent periods, BMI z-scores increased in all groups but the increment was more evident in GDM and NDM groups.Conclusion: At 0 month (birth), compared to babies in the NDM group, mean BMIs were significantly higher for the DM and GDM groups which became normalised by 3rd month when they got rid of maternal metabolic influences. The changes in BMI Z-score during 9-12 months period were significantly positive for NDM group compared to others.KYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-2, Jan 2018, Page 13-17

Introduction: Foetal growth and development is a complex process that involves the interrelationship among the mother, placenta and fetus. Both high and low birth weight infants are associated with the highest prevalence of diabetes. Women with diabetes are at greater risks, because of their pregnancy related complications. Objective: To compare the characteristics of groups of LGA (large for gestational age) babies born to prediabetic mothers (DM) and gestational diabetic mothers (GDM) with control infants born to apparently healthy non-diabetic mothers (NDM). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 251 newborn-mother pairs (n: DM=86; GDM=86 and NDM=79) recruited from the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka. Detailed anthropometric measurements of infants were taken at birth in the hospital. LGA babies had birth weights greater than the 90th percentile for their gestational age for sex and SGA (small for gestational age) babies usually had birth weights below the 10th percentile for babies of the same gestational age for sex. Results: Only 10(11.6%) babies were found LGA in the GDM group as opposed to 3 each for DM and NDM group. There was a significant group difference in the incidences of SGA babies. Around 16% to 18% were there in the DM and GDM groups, as opposed to much higher rate (30.4%) in the NDM group. Conclusion: Newborns from both DM and GDM groups showed greater values compared to that of the NDM group in all anthropometric measures except length and head circumference suggesting intrauterine growth acceleration in them. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 117-123