The most fundamental issues for local people who are potentially at risk to tsunami threat are awareness and preparedness. The aim of this paper is to define the effectiveness of tsunami evacuation routes toward tsunami hazard along the coast of Lampung bay. The parameter applied in this study were elevation and slope created based on Aster GDEM while the coastline distance was made based on vector map and tsunami inundation obtained by Hills and Mader equation. In addition, the road network was derived from Development Planning Agency at Sub-National Level. AHP process was applied in determining the weight of the parameter by using pair-wise comparison via five normalized matrix iteration. Thus, there are five vulnerability classes that were classified. Weighted overlay through spatial analysis in geographic information system (GIS) was used in this study in order to make the final tsunami vulnerability map. The Network Analysis through Closest Facility Analysis in GIS was used to create the effective evacuation route and to point out 34 effective evacuation locations that could be reached by the people before the tsunami strikes. The results presented in this paper could eventually facilitate the improvement in the basic data for city planning related to evacuation process and management strategy during disaster.
In Indonesia, and so is France, there is a growing concern about smart city development. However, empirical evidence is still lacking in Indonesia and so is the comparison between cities in Indonesia and France. Therefore, this paper is to elucidate the smart city development in Indonesia and France in terms of the environment-related domain. This current study is qualitative in nature, focusing on two cities, Lyon in France and Bandar Lampung in Indonesia. The data collection was carried out using two types of instruments. First, we collected data to measure indicators of the environment-related domain of smart cities through interviews with government officials who were in charge of city development. Second, the data collection also involved a five-point Likert scale survey. The findings indicate that the smart city development in Lyon in terms of the environment-related domain is more developed compared to Bandar Lampung. Lyon has enlisted additional private sector support for the concept of smart city development, while everything necessary for the development of a smart city is now being prepared in Bandar Lampung. The recommendations from the findings and suggestions for further research are also discussed.
Ekosistem terumbu karang yang merupakan salah satu ekosistem wilayah pesisir yang memiliki peranan penting baik dari aspek ekologis maupun ekonomis. Namun karang sangat rentan terhadap kerusakan. Kerusakan tersebut dapat yang disebabkan faktor bencana alam seperti tsunami. Desa Kunjir merupakan salah satu desa terkena dampak dari bencana tsunami. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur struktur komunitas ekosistem di Desa Kunjir. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Juni-Desember 2021 menggunakan metode Line Intercept Transect (LIT). Hasil penilitian menunjukkan tutupan habitat bentik di Desa Kunjir sebagian besar berupa abiotik, dan patahan karang serta hanya sebagian kecil berupa karang hidup. Gelombang tsunami mengakibatkan ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan Desa Kunjir berada dalam kondisi rusak dengan kategori tinggi. Kegiatan rehabilitasi dan rekontruksi terhadap surnberdaya laut dan pesisir sangat dibutuhkan untuk memperbaiki ekosistem perairan dengan melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat setempat dengan pendampingan yang intensif.
Research in this paper discusses shrinking and consolidation of flood embankments soil in swamp irrigation areas. The flood embankments are made from swampy soil materials. The focus of this research is the reduction of dyke embankment height that occurs due to soil shrinkage and soil consolidation. Investigations about the time of consolidation and land subsidence that occurred on the embankment at certain periods after the embankment established were also carried out in this study. The research sites are some swamp irrigation areas in the Tulang Bawang Watershed, around North-East Lampung, Indonesia. This research was carried out by conducting laboratory tests on soil samples and field observations on the reduction in height on flood embankments in the study area. The research shows that the main cause of total decrease on the embankment is due to linear shrinkage, consolidation of soil under the embankment, an immediate subsidence, and the subsidence of the embankment themselves. Their contribution to total decrease of embankment is 42.51%, 34.48%, 18.32%, and 4.62%, respectively. Results also indicate that the ratio between the percentages of embankment consolidation in downstream area happens faster than the one in upstream area of the river.
Soil compaction for specific construction is determined soil density tests. Several methods have been developed by previous researches and the prominent method is soil density. Several types of soil compaction method in the field, namely compaction method using vibration machine, impact, and pressure. In laboratories, soil compaction test was performed by using a hammer which uses human strength to solidify soil. An experimental investigation was conducted to explore a new modification related to compression strength test machine with energy compaction control system control system the energy of compaction. Researchers tried to design and make a soil compactor with a different mould measures from the standard Proctor method to modified method. The special of this new tool is that it can measure the compaction energy from each layer and dry density values. This research used different pressures as much as 1.67 N/mm2 - 20 N/mm2, every load conducted for sandy clay and silt samples. The values of dry density obtained from this research were between 1.59 kN/m3 - 1.68 kN/m3 and the value is higher compared with the value obtained from experiments using the Standard Proctor system. Meanwhile, the soil compaction results in the laboratory by using a new modification compression strength test machine with energy compaction control system can be an option of heavy equipment which can be used in the field.
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