Cassia is a large tropical genus with about 600 species that have been widely used as folk medicines in China and India. This genus has been known to possess various biological activities, e.g. antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-malarial, anti-mutagenic activity, and anti-fertility etc. Flavonoids, for its broad spectrum of pharmacological activity and low toxicity, have attracted more interest in the development and utilization of natural medicines. The structure and biological activity research of flavonoids extracted from Cassia genus is the first step in the search for new drugs from those plants. This review summarizes the isolation and characterization of flavonoids from various Cassia species, such as Cassia absus, Cassia alata, Cassia fistula, etc. Flavonoids can be extracted from different parts of the plants, such as seed, leaf, stem and pod. Chemical structure research of these flavonoids in extracts has revealed many different types of compounds, which show the complication of the metabolism of Cassia genus. The antidiabetic activities can be found in many Cassia species. The efficiency of extraction method and action mode have been widely investigated. The extract not only can reduce the blood glucose level, but also improve glycogen content. Research show that the methanolic extract is effective in inducing hypoglycemic effects in both type I and II diabetes. Because flavonoids have complex structures, various function points, and unknown pertinence and selectivity for different health conditions, there are still many research areas waiting to be explored, such as to reveal the metabolic pathways of flavonoids in the Cassia genus, and to illustrate the structure-activity relationship between flavonoids and protein. That above-mentioned research will provide the basis for further medicinal development on this genus.

Background miR-92b is a carcinogenic miRNA that has great potential as a biomarker for disease prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment in the clinic. It is of great significance to analyse the relationship between miR-92b and the clinicopathological characteristics of cancer patients. This paper aimed to investigate the expression levels and clinical values of miR-92b-3p in breast cancer (BC). Methods Altogether, 112 female BC patients who were treated in our hospital were included as a study group, and 108 healthy women who came to our hospital for physical examinations were included as a control group. miR-92b-3p expression in the serum of subjects in both groups was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) to analyse the correlation of this miRNA with the patients’ pathological features and prognoses. The diagnostic value of miR-92b-3p expression for BC was analysed by plotting a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results miR-92b-3p expression was remarkably higher in the study group (P < 0.05), and its area under the curve (AUC) for detecting BC was 0.88. The expression was correlated with the tumour size, degree of differentiation, TNM staging, and lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05). miR-92b-3p was significantly positively correlated with the TNM staging (r = 0.40, P < 0.05), was significantly negatively correlated with the degree of differentiation of the breast cancer cells (r =  − 0.35, P < 0.05), and was significantly positively correlated with the expression of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) (r = 0.39, P < 0.05). The overall survival rate (OSR) of the 99 patients who had follow-up was 73.74%. The survival status was remarkably better in the low expression group (P < 0.05). miR-92b-3p expression was remarkably higher in the death group (P < 0.05). The AUC of miR-92b-3p alone in the death and survival groups was 0.76. Conclusion miR-92b-3p expression obviously rises in the serum of BC patients and is closely related to the clinical staging, degree of differentiation, and CA125 in BC, so the detection of this miRNA is of great significance to the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of BC. This miRNA can be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.

Background. The incidence and mortality of breast cancer in the world remain high. The function and important role of miR-451 and miR-506 in a series of cancers have been proved. The purpose of this research was to explore the clinical diagnosis and prognostic significance of miR-451 and miR-506 expression in breast cancer. Methods. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to detect miR-451 and miR-506 expression in serum and tissues. The relationship of miR-451 and miR-506 with clinical parameters was determined by the chi-square test. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of miR-451 and miR-506 in breast cancer. In addition, we determined the prognostic performance of miR-451 and miR-506 using Kaplan–Meier survival assay. Results. The expression of miR-451 and miR-506 in breast cancer patients was significantly lower than that in healthy people. miR-451 and miR-506 expression decreased in breast cancer tissues compared with paracancerous tissue. High expression of miR-451 and miR-506 was associated with positive lymph node metastasis and late tumor node metastasis stage. Breast cancer patients with high miR-451 and miR-506 expression had lower five-year survival rate. The level of miR-451 and miR-506 expression showed high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing breast cancer patients and healthy people. Conclusion. miR-451 and miR-506 could be used as biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.

Integrating aspects of the risk perception attitude framework and perceived interactivity, this study investigates the impact of the social media interaction environment on users' motivation and behavioral intention to reproductive health communication. A survey was conducted, and structural equation modeling was used to test the research model. The results demonstrate that human-human interaction can improve self-efficacy and reduce perceived risk and has both direct and indirect positive effects on health communication intention. However, human-information interaction has no significant impact on self-efficacy or health communication intention, and it has a positive impact on perceived risk, thus indirectly affecting health communication intention in a negative direction. The results also show that perceived involvement (PI) is a moderating variable. The findings help us to understand how perceived interactivity affects highly sensitive health communication.

In order to optimize the robot's motion time, smooth Bezier curves instead of broken line were used to describe the motion path of the robot due to its satisfaction of nonholonomic constraint equation and the ability to control the direction of robot at the target point. A genetic algorithm (GA) was studied to optimize the control points of Bezier curve. The effects (security, length and smoothness of the path) on the motion time were considered in the fitness function of GA. Under the dynamic environment, the potential collision was constructed by predicting the possible position of the obstacles and the avoidingcollision robot in every time slice, and the reliability of prediction related to the distance between obstacle and the robot was considered in evaluation of the security factor of the fitness function. The results from the simulation demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.