Oliver Reginald Kaizana Tambo, political and professional partner of Nelson Mandela, was the leader of the African National Congress (ANC) during its 30–year period in exile, from 1960 to 1990. Tambo became renowned for maintaining the unity of a broad liberation movement, consisting of many tendencies, during a long Cold War period of vicissitudes, changing circumstances, and shifting strategies. He nurtured its far‐flung members and military cadres as the movement steered its way between international diplomacy and armed struggle while also maintaining its mystique inside South Africa. When the ANC was reestablished in South Africa, Tambo delivered an organization “bigger, stronger, intact” – more skilled and sophisticated, acknowledged and acclaimed throughout the world and at home.
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