Fatty acid desaturase 1 and 2 (FADS1 and FADS2) code for the key desaturase enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in mammals. FADS3 shares close sequence homology to FADS1 and FADS2 but the function of its gene product remains unknown. Alternative transcripts (AT) generated by alternative splicing (AS) are increasingly recognized as an important mechanism enabling a single gene to code for multiple gene products. We report the first AT of a FADS gene, FADS3, generated by AS. Aided by ORF Finder, we identified putative coding regions of eight AT for FADS3 with 1.34 kb (classical splicing), 1.14 (AT1), 0.77 (AT2), 1.25 (AT3), 0.51 (AT4), 0.74 (AT6), and 1.11 (AT7). In addition we identified a 0.51 kb length transcript (AT5) that has a termination codon within intron 8-9. The expression of each AT was analyzed in baboon neonate tissues and in differentiated and undifferentiated human SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. FADS3 AT are expressed in 12 neonate baboon tissues and showed reciprocal increases and decreases in expression changes in response to human neuronal cell differentiation. FADS3 AT, conserved in primates and under metabolic control in human cells, are a putative mediator of LCPUFA biosynthesis and/or regulation.

The detection of granulocytic sarcoma is difficult given its rarity and nonspecific presentation. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of primary granulocytic sarcoma of the larynx reported in the literature.

Background:Malar augmentation is a common cosmetic procedure utilizing silastic materials. We describe an uncommon complication of a silastic implant eroding into the anterior maxillary sinus wall resulting in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).Methods:A literature review is presented describing the presentation, surgical management and outcome of this uncommon adverse event.Results:An 80 year old female with a history of bilateral cosmetic malar implants placed approximately 25 years ago presented to our office with a 4–5 month history of left-sided symptoms consistent with chronic sinusitis, and was found to have intrasinus penetration of her left malar implant. Only one other case series of 5 cases in 4 patients is reported in the literature.Conclusions:Intrasinus malar implant migration is a rare complication of malar augmentation. The present experience suggests that removal of the offending foreign body often results in successful symptom resolution.

In our series, the most common bacterial isolates found in IP are similar to those of CRS, as is the prevalence of gram-negative organisms. Additionally, we did not demonstrate a difference between primary and recurrent IP. Our findings suggest that IP does not result from specific sinonasal microbial exposure.

Background: Inverted papilloma (IP) is a benign lesion of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The aetiology of IP remains unclear. Objective: To assess whether the sinonasal bacteriology of patients with IP is different from the bacteriology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients and if there are differences between primary and recurrent IP. Methodology: A retrospective review of patients with IP at a tertiary referral centre. Intraoperative microbiology results from primary and revision IP resections were compared to each other and to published microbiology data from CRS patients. Results: Twenty-six cases of IP were identified with a total of 83 intraoperative cultures, of which 43 were positive. The most common isolates were coagulase negative Staphylococcus (SCN), Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus. The trends in the prevalence of isolates were similar to those reported for CRS patients. Additionally, similar bacteriology was identified between primary and revision IP patients. Conclusion: In our series, the most common bacterial isolates found in IP are similar to those of CRS, as is the prevalence of gram-negative organisms. Additionally, we did not demonstrate a difference between primary and recurrent IP. Our findings suggest that IP does not result from specific sinonasal microbial exposure.