This work presents a floristic survey of the family Bignoniaceae in the Raso da Catarina Ecoregion, Bahia, Brazil, considered as the main family of the Brazilian forests lianas. The samples analyzed were collected from September 2012 to May 2014. The analyses were supplemented with botanical collections kept in the herbaria: ALCB, HRB, HUEFS, IPA and PEUFR. The identifications were made based mainly on specialized bibliographies, protologues, photos of type collections and consulting of the collections in the herbaria that were visited. 11 genera and 20 species of the family were recorded. Fridericia Mart. and Handroanthus Mattos were the most representative genera (5spp.), followed by Jacaranda Juss (2spp.). The other genera presented only one species each. The most representative species in the area were: Anemopaegma laeve DC., Fridericia erubescens (DC.) L.G.Lohmann, Jacaranda jasminoides (Thunb.) Sandwith. and Tabebuia aurea (Manso) Benth. & Hook f. ex Moore. Among the species registered one is new record for the Caatinga biome, ten are endemic to Brazil and three exclusive of the Caatinga. The taxonomic treatment includes a key for the identification, descriptions, illustrations, photos, data of the geographical distribution, economic potential and reproductive phenology and comments about the species. Bignoniaceae na Ecorregião Raso da Catarina, Bahia, BrasilResumo: Este trabalho apresenta o levantamento florístico da família Bignoniaceae na Ecorregião Raso da Catarina, Bahia, Brasil, considerada uma das principais famílias de lianas das florestas brasileiras. Os espécimes analisados foram coletados no período de setembro 2012 a maio 2014. As análises foram complementadas por coleções botânicas depositadas nos herbários: ALCB, HRB, HUEFS, IPA e PEUFR. As identificações foram realizadas com base, principalmente, em bibliografias especializadas, protólogos, imagens de coleções-tipo e consultas às coleções dos herbários visitados. Foram catalogados 11 gêneros e 20 espécies. Fridericia Mart. e Handroanthus Mattos foram os gêneros mais representativos (5spp.), seguido de Jacaranda Juss (2spp.). Os demais gêneros estão representados por uma espécie cada um. As espécies mais representativas na área foram: Anemopaegma laeve DC., Fridericia erubescens (DC.) L.G.Lohmann, Jacaranda jasminoides (Thunb.) Sandwith. e Tabebuia aurea (Manso) Benth. & Hook f. ex Moore. Dentre as espécies catalogadas, uma é nova ocorrência para o bioma Caatinga, dez são endêmicas do Brasil, sendo três exclusivas da Caatinga. O tratamento taxonômico inclui uma chave de identificação, descrições, ilustrações, fotos, dados de distribuição geográfica, potencial econômico, fenologia reprodutiva e comentários sobre as espécies. Palavras-chave: semiárido, caatinga, taxonomia, diversidade.
Bignoniaceae comprises 82 genera and 827 species distributed mostly in tropical and subtropical regions, with a few species in temperate climates, and is most diverse in South America. The Brazil is the center of diversity for the group, with about 406 species in 33 genera, of which 22 genera and 90 species occur in the Caatinga. The floristic survey of Bignoniaceae in the Environmental Protection Area Serra Branca included analysis of 31 specimens collected from August 2009 to February 2012. The analyses were supplemented with dried collections from the following herbaria: ALCB, HRB and HUEFS. Nine genera and 11 species were recorded: [Anemopaegma Mart ex DC; Bignonia L.; Cuspidaria DC.; Fridericia Mart.; Handroanthus Mattos; Jacaranda Juss; Lundia DC.; Mansoa DC. and Tabebuia Gomes ex DC.]. Fridericia was the most representative genus with three species. The taxonomic treatment includes a key for the identification, descriptions, illustrations, photos, data of the geographical distribution, reproductive phenology and comments about the species.
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