We concluded that a multidisciplinary diagnosis is important, given that each evaluation domain, including OTRL, dental and speech therapy, presented variables associated with MB diagnosis. Body posture and nasal patency variables were not associated with MB.

Learni ng disorders are often magnified by auditory processing disorders (APD).Objective: This paper aims to verify whether individuals with reading and writing disorders and P300 latencies above the average also present altered Staggered Spondaic Word (SSW) and speechin-noise test results suggestive of APD. Materials and Methods:This is a cross-sectional cohort study. Twenty-one individuals with reading and writing disorders aged between 7 and 14 years were enrolled.Results: All subjects had normal findings on ENT examination, audiological tests, and brainstem auditory evoked potentials. The average P300 latency (334,25 ms) of all patients was picked as a cutoff point to divide the subjects into two groups: group A with latencies above 335 ms, and group B with latencies below 335 ms. Individuals in group A underwent SSW and speech-in-noise testing. Conclusion:Altered results in the SSW and speech-in-noise tests suggestive of APD were found in the group of individuals with reading and writing disorders with P300 latencies above 335 ms. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2012;78(3):91-7. ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Nasal patency was lower in children with restless sleep, rhinitis signs and symptoms, hard palate width reduced and with changes in mastication, deglutition and speech functions. It is also emphasized that most of the children presented signs and symptom of allergic rhinitis.

No abstract

Laryngeal sensation and pharyngeal sensation are crucial for airway protection in swallowing. Previous research suggests that impaired laryngeal sensation and pooled salivary secretions are associated with increased risk of aspiration and post-swallow pharyngeal residue. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Risk factors for impaired sensation include mucosal damage and inflammation secondary to inhaled corticosteroid exposure, 5,7 or acid exposure in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). [8][9][10][11] This study investigated the presence of and risk factors for laryngopharyngeal sensory impairment and its association with secretion pooling in adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), given that dysphagia and aspiration can trigger COPD exacerbations. 12 Pharyngeal sensation is commonly assessed in cranial nerve examinations through elicitation of the pharyngeal gag reflex in response to mechanical stimulation of the posterior pharyngeal wall. 13 Laryngeal sensation can be assessed indirectly under laryngoscopy, via mechanical stimulation of the laryngeal mucosa using air puffs or light touch stimulation with the tip of a laryngoscope. 5,[14][15][16][17] Observations of motor responses in the form of pharyngeal contraction 13,18 or the laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR) are interpreted to indicate integrity of the afferent pathway. 14,15,19,20 Impaired LAR mechanosensitivity has been reported in individuals with COPD, 5