Although modifications and variations of antidopaminergic mechanisms are expected to be successful, the added benefits will likely remain small, at least regarding enhanced efficacy for negative symptoms, cognition and functional outcomes. Greater innovation will likely come from further and deeper exploration of extra-dopaminergic mechanisms. Investment is needed to develop clinically meaningful animal paradigms probing the different symptom domains, to discover more efficient in vivo screening methods for novel drug targets, to optimize clinical trial design and trial conduct, and to parse the heterogeneous groups of schizophrenias into biologically more homogeneous subgroups.
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