Objective To estimate the overall economic losses due to human and animal cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Spain in 2005. Methods We obtained data on annual CE incidence from surveillance and abattoir records, and on CE-related treatment and productivity losses (human and animal) from the scientific literature. Direct costs were those associated with diagnosis, surgical or chemotherapeutic treatment, medical care and hospitalization in humans, and condemnation of offal in livestock (sheep, goats, cattle and pigs). Indirect costs comprised human productivity losses and the reduction in growth, fecundity and milk production in livestock. The Latin hypercube method was used to represent the uncertainty surrounding the input parameters. Findings The overall economic loss attributable to CE in humans and animals in 2005 was estimated at 148 964 534 euros (€) (95% credible interval, CI: 21 980 446-394 012 706). Human-associated losses were estimated at €133 416 601 (95% CI: 6 658 738-379 273 434) and animal-associated losses at €15 532 242 (95% CI: 13 447 378-17 789 491). Conclusion CE is a neglected zoonosis that remains a human and animal health concern for Spain. More accurate data on CE prevalence in humans (particularly undiagnosed or asymptomatic cases) and better methods to estimate productivity losses in animals are needed. CE continues to affect certain areas of Spain, despite several control initiatives since 1986. Given the high economic burden of CE, additional funding is needed to reduce human and animal infection rates through improved disease surveillance, regular treatment of dogs and greater cooperation between agencies.Une traduction en français de ce résumé figure à la fin de l'article. Al final del artículo se facilita una traducción al español. ‫املقالة.‬ ‫لهذه‬ ‫الكامل‬ ‫النص‬ ‫نهاية‬ ‫يف‬ ‫الخالصة‬ ‫لهذه‬ ‫العربية‬ ‫الرتجمة‬

Impacts• This article shows new or updated official figures on the present situation of Echinococcus granulosus infection in human, livestock (including sheep, cattle, pigs and horses) and dogs in Spain, both at regional and national scales. • The data presented provide the most comprehensive picture of the epidemiological features of E. granulosus in Spain currently available, allowing a better understanding of the transmission dynamic of this helminth parasite. • The data presented may also be very useful for assessing the progress achieved by the control campaigns currently in place, or for designing and implementing new ones in those areas where the infection still remains a serious health concern.

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