Nutrition labelling on food products represents an important tool for promoting healthy eating in consumers, and to guarantee transparency and clarity on products' characteristics. In an ideal scenario, consumers' better understanding and subsequently better compliance to nutritional facts would result in healthier choices, which could lead to an improved diet and to a reduction in disease-related risk factors. Research is necessary not only in assessing consumers' preferences towards different labels formats, but also to evaluate their ability to process food labels and their disposition towards new regulations concerning labelling. In our study, an ad-hoc survey was conducted to assess general knowledge and use of different labels and nutrition fact information in a Chilean sample (n= 1280), which was interviewed through a phone survey, performed over a 1-month period, in September 2012. The major part of the interviewees did not habitually read the labels and showed a low interest in paying an additional fee for additional information (89%). The rest was willing to pay an additional fee of the 5%, in order to get information expressed as Kcal per portion in 68% of cases compared to per 100g. Chilean consumers appeared to be interested to nutritional matters and considered nutritional labelling as a proper tool to achieve a healthy lifestyle. Considering the Chilean low knowledge on nutritional labelling, it is necessary to improve nutrition messages and nutrition knowledge among the Chilean population through fast action, especially to help consumers to make health-conscious choices.
En respuesta a la aparición del COVID 19 y la pandemia ocasionada, los países tomaron medidas para manejar las curvas de infección. Han obligado a permanecer en confinamiento y esta estrategia afectó a diversos contextos, dentro de los cuales, se encuentra el ámbito deportivo, suspendiendo competiciones, partidos oficiales, entrenamientos en cancha, transmisiones deportivas, etc. Sin embargo, en el caso de los profesionales del fútbol, se mantuvieron en preparación física a través de plataformas tecnológicas. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar los niveles de ansiedad rasgo, de sensación de bienestar y la relación entre ambas variables en futbolistas profesionales de cuatro clubes de Chile con el fin de contribuir al diagnóstico sobre cómo la crisis de Covid-19 puede haber afectado a la realidad deportiva en cuanto a la salud mental y emocional. Para ello se aplicó el STAI y el PERMA. Como resultados, los futbolistas investigados muestran niveles promedio de ansiedad rasgo y buen nivel de bienestar general. También se encuentra correlación entre ambos. Este estudio permite concluir que si bien la situación actual puede verse como amenazante, mantener las condiciones laborales y en actividad para un deportista parece ser clave para sentir cierto grado de control frente a la incertidumbre, así como estrategias de afrontamiento que permitan tener una alta sensación de bienestar. Abstract. In response to the emergence of COVID 19 and the resulting pandemic, countries took steps to manage infection curves. They have forced them to remain in confinement and this strategy affected various contexts, within which is the sports field, suspending competitions, official matches, training on the field, sports broadcasts, etc. However, in the case of soccer professionals, they remained in physical preparation through technological platforms. The objective of this work is to explore the levels of trait anxiety, feeling of well-being and the relationship between both variables in professional soccer players from four clubs in Chile in order to contribute to the diagnosis of how the Covid-19 crisis may have affected sports reality in terms of mental and emotional health. For this, the STAI and PERMA were applied. As results, the investigated soccer players show average levels of trait anxiety and a good level of general well-being. There is also a correlation between the two. This study allows us to conclude that although the current situation can be seen as threatening, maintaining working and active conditions for an athlete seems to be key to feeling a certain degree of control in the face of uncertainty, as well as coping strategies that allow having a high sensation of wellness.
Los hábitos de vida saludable corresponden a costumbres, actitudes y comportamientos que las personas adoptan en la vida diaria. El tema ha cobrado mayor importancia a la luz del regreso a la presencialidad en las universidades, por lo cual es de interés establecer relaciones entre los hábitos de vida saludable en universitarios de pedagogía en dos países, en una población que debiera presentar un estado distinto a lo de la población en general. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la práctica de actividad física, consumo de alcohol y drogas según el perfil sociodemográfico de estudiantes universitarios de Pedagogía en Chile y Portugal. La muestra se compuso de 835 estudiantes, 597 de una universidad privada de Chile y 238 de una universidad pública de Portugal; del total, el 58% hombres y el 42% mujeres. Es un estudio comparativo, de carácter descriptivo, donde se aplicó un cuestionario, traducido y validado en ambos idiomas (español y portugués). Los resultados evidencian que, a pesar de las diferencias sociodemográficas existente entre ambas instituciones de educación superior, los profesores/as en formación presentan comportamientos idénticos respecto de los hábitos de vida saludable. Palabras clave: Salud, actividad Física, drogas, tabaco, alcohol, perfil social. Abstract. Healthy living habits correspond to customs, attitudes and behaviors that people adopt in daily life. The topic has become more important in light of the return to face-to-face teaching in universities, which is why it is of interest to establish relationships between healthy living habits in university pedagogy students in two countries. The objective of this study was to compare the practice of physical activity, alcohol consumption and drugs according to the sociodemographic profile of university students of Pedagogy in Chile and Portugal. The sample was made up of 835 students, 597 from a private university in Chile and 238 from a public university in Portugal; of the total, 58% men and 42% women. It is a comparative study, of a descriptive correlational nature, where a questionnaire was applied, translated and validated in both languages (Spanish and Portuguese). The results show that, despite the sociodemographic differences between both higher education institutions, teachers in training have identical behaviors regarding healthy lifestyle habits. Keywords: Health, physical activity, drugs, tobacco, alcohol, social profile.
The transition of the networks to support forthcoming beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G services introduces a number of important architectural challenges that force an evolution of existing operational frameworks. Current networks have introduced technical paradigms such as network virtualization, programmability and slicing, being a trend known as network softwarization. Forthcoming B5G and 6G services imposing stringent requirements will motivate a new radical change, augmenting those paradigms with the idea of smartness, pursuing an overall optimization on the usage of network and compute resources in a zero-trust environment. This paper presents a modular architecture under the concept of Convergent and UBiquitous Intelligent Connectivity (CUBIC), conceived to facilitate the aforementioned transition. CUBIC intends to investigate and innovate on the usage, combination and development of novel technologies to accompany the migration of existing networks towards Convergent and Ubiquitous Intelligent Connectivity (CUBIC) solutions, leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) mechanisms and Machine Learning (ML) tools in a totally secure environment.
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