This work sought to characterize the types of environments present in the De Ondas River, with the aim of obtaining information on their structural complexity and supporting public policies for water resource management that will allow the shared water use and will protect the biodiversity of the river basin. The De Ondas River watershed is located in the Cerrado Region, in the western part of Bahia State, and covers an area of 5.559 km². In order to perform the characterization, two stretches were demarcated, one in the upper part of the basin and another in the lower. Afterwards, a topobathymetric survey was conducted, and characterizations of the bottom and of hydraulic properties were done for both the rainy and dry seasons. The topobathymetric survey in the upper course showed altitudes ranging from 699.82 m to 714.06, whereas in the lower course these varied from 439.45 m to 446.91 m. Bathymetric profiles allowed the visualization of the structure and distribution of the bottom of the channel environments. The granulometric analysis of the higher part of the basin showed that sand was predominant (88.94%), while in the lower part boulders (76.9%) and cobble (23.1%) predominated. In the higher part of the basin, the water flow varied from 5.20 m³s -1 (dry period) to 9.07 m³s -1 (rainy period); and in the lower part, from 25.73 m³s -1(dry period) to 66.44 m³s -1 (rainy period). The complexity of the environments of these stretches favors biological diversity in the river, resulting in different environments that aid aquatic species in adapting to the channel structure. The study of the physical characteristics of the De Ondas River produced a great amount of information regarding the microenvironments of the stretches examined, and will support studies related to aquatic biota and water resource management.
O Sistema Aquífero Urucuia Central, situado no oeste do estado da Bahia, integra a região norte da Bacia Sanfranciscana cujos limites hidrogeológicos são definidos por altos estruturais. Devido à dinâmica morfotectônica, os divisores hidrográficos nem sempre se sobrepõem exatamente aos hidrogeológicos, dificultando a delimitação das sub-bacias hidrogeológicas. Neste trabalho foi realizada a identificação de divisores hidrogeológicos a partir de mapa potenciométrico gerado com a aplicação de interpolação por Krigagem Ordinária. O mapa potenciométrico é composto por amostra de 4.126 pontos distribuídos entre 1.029 níveis estáticos de poços do Sistema de Informações de Águas Subterrâneas (SIAGAS), 751 nascentes e 2.346 pontos de drenagens obtidos remotamente no Google Earth Pro, e a altimetria unificada no Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) das imagens Alos Palsar. No mapa potenciométrico foi possível identificar quatro divisores hidrogeológicos: i) Divisor Hidrogeológico Oeste (Bahia/Goiás/Tocantins); ii) Divisor Hidrogeológico Norte (Luís Eduardo Magalhães/Riachão Neves); iii) Divisor Hidrogeológico Central ou Alto do Rio Grande (São Domingos/Wanderley); e iv) Divisor Hidrogeológico Sul (Mambaí/Coribe). A distribuição destes divisores contorna as bordas do núcleo cratônico do Bloco Correntina, as quais são definidas por elevações geradas pelas faixas móveis e reativações tectônicas, o que valida os modelos consolidados pela literatura e auxilia na gestão dos recursos hídricos subterrâneos. As ocorrências destes divisores hidrogeológicos impactam no conceito da potenciometria decrescente predominante para leste e cria o conceito de sub-bacias hidrogeológicas com fluxo divergente seguindo parcialmente o fluxo dos maiores corpos hídricos de expressão regional.Palavras-Chave: Geoestatística, Bacia Sanfranciscana, Mapa Potenciométrico, Modelo Digital de Elevação, Morfotectônica. Evaluation of Potentiometry and Identification of Hydrogeological Divisions of the Central Urucuia Aquifer System Using Kriging Interpolation ABSTRACTThe Central Urucuia Aquifer System located in the west of the Bahia state, integrates the northern region of the Sanfranciscana Basin whose hydrogeological limits are defined by structural highs. However, due to morphotectonic dynamics, hydrographic dividers do not overlap exactly with hydrogeological scans, making difficult to delimit of the hydrogeological sub-basins. In this work, the identification of hydrogeological dividers was performed from a potentiometric map generated with the interpolation by Ordinary Kriging. The potentiometric map consisted of 4,126 points distributed among 1,029 static levels of deep wells from the Groundwater Database System (SIAGAS), 751 springs and 2,346 drainage points identified remotely in the Google Earth Pro, and the altimetric was unified to the Elevation Digital Model (EDM) from the Alos Palsar images. By the potentiometric map it was possible to identify four hydrogeological dividers: i) Western Hydrogeological Divider (Bahia/Goiás/Tocantins); ii) Northern Hydrogeological Divider (Luís Eduardo Magalhães/Riachão Neves); iii) Central Hydrogeological Divider or Alto do Rio Grande (São Domingos/Wanderley); and iv) Southern Hydrogeological Divider (Mambaí/Coribe). The distribution of these dividers skirts the edges of the chronic nucleus of the Correntina Block defined by the elevations generated by the riding of mobile tracks and tectonic reactivations, which validates models consolidated by the literature and assists in the management of underground water resources. The occurrences of these hydrogeological dividers impact on the concept of decreasing potentiometry prevailing to the east and create the concept of hydrogeological sub-basins with divergent flow patterns partially following the pathway of the largest water bodies of regional expression.Keywords: Geostatistics, Sanfranciscana Basin, Potentiometric Map, Digital Elevation Model, Morphotectonics.
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