O trabalho teve como objetivo simular condições de déficit hídrico, em laboratório, por meio do manitol, para avaliação do desempenho fisiológico de sementes de cultivares de feijão, milho e soja. As sementes foram submetidas à germinação sob condições de estresse hídrico, com os níveis 0, -0,6, -1,2, -1,8 e -2,4 MPa de potencial osmótico, simulados com soluções de manitol (C6H14O6), nas doses: 0; 44; 58; 89,17; 133,75 g L-1. Para cada espécie, foi utilizada quatro repetições por tratamento, composta de 50 sementes colocadas em três folhas de papel Germitest, umedecida com solução de manitol correspondente a 2,5 sua massa, e levadas a uma câmara de germinação por 10 dias. O feijão foi a cultura com maior sensibilidade ao déficit hídrico, com redução da germinação, comprimento do hipocótilo e da radícula a -0,6 MPa, enquanto o milho e soja tiveram sua germinação afetada em potencias abaixo de -1,2 MPa. A redução no potencial hídrico afetou negativamente o comprimento da radícula e do hipocótilo para as três culturas em potencial de -0,6 MPa. A germinação e comprimento do hipocótilo e da radícula para feijão, milho e soja são reduzidos sob condições de estresse hídrico e salino induzidos por manitol e existe comportamento diferenciado das espécies estudadas quanto à tolerância à condição de déficit hídrico.
Mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) are of Asian origin and have gained national importance with the production of moyashi. The study aimed to evaluate the seed physiological quality of mung beans according to the row spacing and number of plants per meter. The experiment was conducted at Goiás State University, Ipameri Campus. Tests were performed to determine the water content, germination, and vigor to evaluate the physiological quality of the seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, with the treatments arranged in a 2 x 6 factorial scheme, having as factors the row spacing (25 and 50 cm) and the number of plants per meter (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 plants) with four replications. Based on the results of the analysis of variance, germination, first germination count, and emergence speed index were not influenced by row spacing and number of plants per meter. The shoot length of seedlings was significative affected by row spacing and the number of plants per meter. For root length, seedling dry mass and thousand-seed weight there was significant interaction between the studied factors. There was significant effect of row spacing on accelerated aging and seedling emergence. The mung bean plant density affected seed quality. Seeds produced with a row spacing of 50 cm with 24 plants per meter had the best physiological potential.
The study aimed to determine the optimal population density for mung bean crop by defining row spacing, and number of plants per meter. The experimental design was a randomized block with treatments arranged in a split-plot scheme with four replications. Two row spacings (25 and 50 cm) were allocated in the plots, and six number of plants per meter (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 plants) were allocated in the subplots. The experimental units had 4.0 m long, and 2.5 m wide, with 4.0 m2 of useful area. In the useful area of plot, plant height, stem diameter, number of pods per plot, pod length, pod width, number of grains per pod, 100-pods weight, 100-grains weight, final plant population, and grain yield were evaluated. Plant height, pod length, pod width, number of grains per pod, and 100-pod weight were not influenced by row spacing and number of plants per meter. There was influence of significant interaction between the factors studied on 100-grains weight and final plant population. There was a significant effect only of number of plants per meter on stem diameter, number of pods per plot, and grain yield. The row spacing of 50 cm and 24 plants per meter increased mung bean grain yield, revealing itself as a strategy of gain in the grain yield of the crop.
The electrical conductivity test is routinely used to differentiate the physiological quality of seed lots, and has stood out for its ease of execution, low cost, speed, repeatability, and straightforward interpretation of results. This study aimed to establish a methodology for the electrical conductivity test in pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.) involving seed quantity and seed imbibition periods. The experiment was carried out at the Multidisciplinary Laboratory of the State University of Goiás, the campus of Ipameri Campus, in 2018. Pea seeds (Pisum sativum) stored in the seed laboratory of the same institution were used for this experiment. The completely randomized experimental design with four replications in a 4x6 factorial scheme was used. Four quantity of seeds (25, 50, 75, and 100 seeds) and six imbibition periods (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h) at 25ºC were evaluated. The electrical conductivity test was performed with four replicates of 25, 50, 75, and 100 seeds each, weighed on a precision scale (0.001g) and placed in disposable plastic cups, with a capacity of 200 mL, containing 75 mL of distilled water. The cups were then kept in a BOD chamber, set at 25°C, and the measuring was performed after 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h of imbibition with a conductivity meter and results were expressed in μS cm-1 g-1. There were no significant results for the interaction between the number of seeds and the imbibition time. Significant results were observed only for the individual effects of each factor. It is recommended to use 100 seeds of Maria pea, and 24 h for the electrical conductivity test.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar e avaliar qualitativa e quantitativamente a produção científica sobre estresse abiótico em plantas de Jatropha curcas L. (pinhão-manso). Para a análise das publicações, foram utilizados os artigos indexados na plataforma Web of Knowledge. A pesquisa foi realizada através da busca de artigos com as palavras Jatropha curcas publicados durante o período compreendido entre 2005 e 2016, categorizados em ano de publicação; revista em que o texto foi publicado; tema do artigo; número de autores; país da pesquisa e idioma da publicação. Brasil, Índia e China são os principais países no desenvolvimento de pesquisas com estresses abióticos em plantas de pinhão-manso. A deficiência nutricional foi o principal tema das pesquisas desenvolvidas nestes países, sendo que o Brasil foi o país com maior número de publicações científicas. Neste país, a produção científica catalogada apresenta fator de impacto JCR entre 0 e 1.
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