RESUMENLa vivienda social construida en España entre 1939 y 1976 supone un patrón urbano extendido en la ciudad contemporá-nea. Sus condiciones de partida y el efecto del tiempo la han llevado a desarrollar una serie de obsolescencias, que hacen necesario intervenir para conseguir su revitalización. Los programas desarrollados en los últimos años se ocupan de dotar a las edificaciones de unos niveles de habitabilidad adecuados, pero también de su articulación como grupo, y de su integración en la distribución socioeconómica del núcleo urbano. Mediante el análisis de la Remodelación Urbana de Orcasitas (Madrid) y de las Viviendas del Gobernador (Barcelona), la Transformación Urbana de La Mina (Barcelona) y la Rehabilitación Integral del Barrio de Lourdes (Tudela) se estudiará la evolución de estos modelos de actuación.Palabras clave: Regeneración urbana; rehabilitación; remodelación; vivienda social.
ABSTRACT Social housing built in Spain between
One of the main problems of the inventory of architectural heritage is managing and storing large amounts of information in different formats, in addition to the need to organize and manage the information generated by collaborative work between the different technicians who participate in the documentation process. The solution involves the development of a model capable of incorporating information on a layered support and allowing analysis and management, as well as interoperability between tools and other systems throughout the entire life cycle of the building. To carry out this work, two methodologies have been selected to verify their effectiveness in the field of architectural heritage inventory, covering the specific needs of generating a complete graphic database of the building. The Arches platform, a free open source software developed to carry out inventories, has been chosen for its interoperability, specificity and all the characteristics and functions described above. In turn, a WebGIS has been developed using free software standards and technology, to examine the possibilities it offers in relation to specific inventory programs. As a result, the creation of an Information System of the Mudejar Architectural Heritage of Aragón has been proposed, with the purpose of integrating under a common support, all the documentation and graphic information available on the heritage asset. The research limitations are the creation of a geo-referenced database, with geometric information on each building, which addresses the cataloguing of more than 200 assets, due to the uniqueness of this architectural style. The information is stored complying with the documentation standards to ensure interoperability and accessibility to the data.
<p>La preocupación por la conservación de las ciudades históricas es un tema recurrente a lo largo de la historia reciente, y, frente a las cambiantes teorías un planteamiento se presenta como irrefutable: la necesidad de conservar la memoria de la ciudad, su pasado, nuestro patrimonio, a través del conocimiento, para que forme parte del saber colectivo y, con ello, perdure en el tiempo. En este contexto se establecen como imprescindibles los estudios sobre la evolución de la morfología urbana.</p><p>El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer un marco metodológico válido para el análisis y elaboración de cartografías historiográficas urbanas, como fase fundamental en los estudios sobre la evolución de la forma urbana, mediante su aplicación al caso de la ciudad de Teruel. Gracias a ello, se ha constatado la importancia de seguir un riguroso proceso gráfico con el que poder evaluar la precisión de la documentación utilizada, posible gracias al empleo de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica.</p>
The objective of this study is to test the applicability of a graphical assessment methodology of urban interventions, through the evaluation of a case study: the rehabilitation of Caño Roto protected estate (built in 1957-1963 and rehabilitated in 1994-2004). Methodology The method allows to synthesize graphically all the points that define the state of protected housing neighbourhoods and the interventions in order to achieve their urban regeneration. It is carried out by drawing up a diagnosis, to extract the initial opportunity and threat factors, and an evaluation of the process, to highlight its success and failure factors. Conclusions Its application to the case study shows the competence of the method to define its most relevant aspects. The intervention process itself and the issues related to the constructive criteria stand out as success factors. Issues related to the estate integration, its urban complexity, and its typological and patrimonial criteria are reflected as the most important shortcomings.
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