RESUMO -Avaliaram-se os efeitos da utilização de produtos contendo própolis em duas concentrações (B e C) e duas extrações alcoólicas (1 e 3) e de monensina sódica em dieta à base de forragem sobre o consumo, a digestibilidade total e parcial e as características ruminais em bovinos. Utilizaram-se quatro bovinos da raça Holandesa, castrados, com peso corporal de 221 ± 21 kg, canulados no rúmen, em delineamento experimental quadrado latino 4 × 4. As dietas experimentais foram constituídas de 72,5% de volumoso e 27,5% de concentrado e apresentaram 14,4% de PB e 67% de nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT), diferindo apenas quanto à presença de aditivos. Os consumos médios de matéria seca e nutrientes, não foram afetados pelas dietas, exceto o de NDT, que foi maior nos animais alimentados com a dieta controle. O fornecimento dos aditivos, principalmente própolis, reduziu a digestibilidade total de matéria seca, proteína bruta e NDT.A digestibilidade total da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) foi semelhante entre aditivos e menor que nos animais controle.A inclusão de própolis refletiu em menor pH ruminal e maiores produções de acetato e AGV totais e a monensina propiciou a menor razão acetato:propionato. A adição dos aditivos avaliados tem efeito negativo sobre a concentração e consumo de energia digestível de dietas à base de forragem fornecida para bovinos em crescimento.Palavras-chave: ácidos graxos voláteis, digestibilidade parcial, nitrogênio amoniacal, pH ruminal, taxa de diluição Digestibility and ruminal parameters of diet based on forage with the addition of propolis and sodium monensin for steers ABSTRACT -It was evaluated the effects of using products containing propolis in two propolis concentrations (B and C) and two alcoholic extractions (1 and 3) and sodium monensin in forage based diet on intake, total and partial digestibility and ruminal characteristics in cattle. It was used four Holstein castrated bovines, with body weight of 221 ± 21 kg, implanted with ruminal cannulla, in a 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design. The experimental diets were composed of 72.5% roughage and 27.5% concentrate and had 14.4% crude protein and 67% of total digestible nutrients (TDN), only differing to the presence of additives. The average intake of dry matter and nutrients did not differ among diets, except for the intake of TDN that was higher for animal fed control diet. The supply of additives, mainly propolis, reduced the total digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). The total digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was similar among additives and it was lower than the control animals. The inclusion of propolis reflected in lower pH and production of acetate and total volatile fatty acids and monensin resulted in lower acetate:propionate ratio. The addition of the evaluated additives has negative effect on the concentration and intake of digestible energy of roughage based diets for growing cattle.

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da administração de produtos à base de monensina sódica ou de própolis LLOSB3 e LLOSC1 em duas concentrações (B e C, em que B foi menos concentrado que C) e duas extrações alcoólicas (1 e 3, em que 1 foi menos concentrado que 3) sobre o consumo, a digestibilidade total e parcial e as características ruminais em bubalinos alimentados com dieta à base de forragem. Foram utilizados quatro búfalos castrados mestiços com 459,3 ± 44,5 kg em delineamento quadrado latino 4 × 4, com quatro dietas (controle, monensina, LLOSC1 e LLOSB3) e quatro períodos. A dieta continha 80% de volumoso (silagem de milho e feno de capim-tifton) e 20% de concentrado, com 11,1% de PB e 66% de nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT). Os consumos de matéria seca (MS) e nutrientes não diferiram entre os aditivos testados.A adição de LLOSC1 propiciou maiores coeficientes de digestibilidade total em relação ao controle para MS (62,8% vs 59,4%), FDN (58,6% vs 54,3%), carboidratos totais (65,1% vs 61,5%) e NDT (65,8 vs 62,3%). A dieta com monensina não diferiu da controle e aquela com LLOSB3 foi semelhante a todas as outras. Aumento no fluxo e maior digestibilidade de PB nos intestinos foram verificados com o uso dos aditivos em relação à dieta controle. Após a alimentação, às 2,18 horas, não houve diferença na concentração de nitrogênio amoniacal no rúmen entre dietas e o valor máximo foi de 21,26 mg/100 mL. Menor valor de pH ruminal (6,48) e maiores concentrações de acetato e de butirato foram verificados para LLOSB3. A taxa de passagem de líquido não diferiu entre as dietas, porém, maior volume ruminal foi verificado com o uso dos aditivos. O aditivo LLOSC1 é superior à monensina em aumentar a energia digestível para bubalinos alimentados com dietas à base de forragem.Palavras-chave: ácidos graxos voláteis, aditivos, consumo, digestibilidade parcial, nitrogênio amoniacal Effect of propolis and sodium monensin addition on digestibility and ruminal characteristics of buffaloes fed diet based on roughageABSTRACT -The objective of this work was to study the effect of the administration of products based on sodium monesin or propolis LLOSB3 and LLOSC1 in two concentrations (B and C, in which B was less concentrated than C) and two alcoholic extractions (1 and 3, in which 1 was less concentrated than 3) on intake, total and partial digestibility, and ruminal characteristics in buffaloes fed diet based on roughage. It was used four castrated crossbred buffalo with average weight of 459.3 ± 44.5 kg in 4 × 4 experimental Latin square design with four diets (control, monensin, LLOSC1 and LLOSB3) and four periods. The diet had 80% roughage (corn silage and Tifton hay) and 20% concentrate, with 11.1% CP and 66% of total digestible nutrients (TDN). The intake of dry matter (DM) and nutrients did not differ among tested additives. The addition of LLOSC1 provided higher total digestibility coefficients in relation to the control for dry matter (62.8% vs. 59.4%), NDF (58.6% vs. 54.3%), total carbohydrates (65.1% vs. 61.5%) and...

ABSTRACT. The objective was to evaluate the effect of propolis-based products (PBP) on performance, digestibility, microbial production and carcass characteristics of feedlot young bulls. Twenty-seven crossbred young bulls were used, with 353 ± 28 kg of body weight in a completely randomized experimental design, divided in three treatments: two diets with PBP with different dosages (PBP1= 0.018 mg g -1 and PBP2= 0.036 mg g -1 of total flavonoids in chrysin) and control diet (CON). To determine total digestibility, the indigestible dry matter was used as an internal marker, while microbial production was estimated from purine derivatives in urine, collected by the spot method. The evaluated carcass characteristics were: hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, conformation, Longissimus muscle area, fat thickness, colour, texture, marbling, pH, cushion thickness and percentages of muscle, bone and fat. The studied variables were subjected to analysis of variance with 5% probability. The addition of propolis had no effect on DM and nutrients digestibility (except the ADF, which was higher) or efficiency of microbial synthesis. Carcass characteristics were not affected by the experimental treatments. The PBP in the used dosages should be reviewed and higher dosages should be tested.Keywords: additive, flavonoids, meat quality, microbial efficiency, ruminant.Desempenho, digestibilidade, produção microbiana e características de carcaça de bovinos confinados que receberam dietas contendo própolis RESUMO. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de produtos à base de própolis (PBP) sobre o desempenho, digestibilidade, produção microbiana e características de carcaça de bovinos confinados. Foram utilizados 27 bovinos com 353 ± 28 kg de peso corporal em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado dividido em três tratamentos: duas dietas contendo PBP em diferentes dosagens (PBP1 = 0.018 mg g -1 e PBP2 = 0.036 mg g -1 de flavonoides totais em crisina) e dieta controle (CON) sem adição de própolis. Para a determinação da digestibilidade total, a matéria seca indigestível foi usada como marcador interno, enquanto a produção microbiana foi estimada pelos derivados de purina na urina, coletadas pelo método spot. As características de carcaça avaliadas foram: peso de carcaça quente, rendimento de carcaça quente, conformação, área de olho de lombo, espessura de gordura, coloração, textura, marmoreio, pH, espessura de coxão e percentagens de músculo, osso e gordura. As variáveis estudadas foram submetidas à análise de variância com 5% de probabilidade. A adição da própolis não teve efeito sobre a digestibilidade da MS e nutrientes (exceto para FDA, que foi maior) e eficiência de síntese microbiana. As características de carcaça não foram afetadas pelos tratamentos experimentais. As dosagens utilizadas nos PBP devem ser revistas e dosagens mais elevadas devem ser testadas.Palavras-chave: aditivo, flavonoides, qualidade de carne, eficiência de síntese microbiana, ruminante.

-It was aimed in this work to evaluate bacterial strains tolerant to products based on propolis (LLOS) through the isolation, morphological and biochemical characterization techniques in diets with roughage:concentrate ratio 100:0 and 50:50. For roughage diets, the products LLOSC1 and LLOSB3 were evaluated, and for 50:50% diets, the products LLOSC1, LLOSD1, LLOSA2, and LLOSC3, which differed in alcoholic concentrations (1, 2 and 3) and propolis (A, B, C and D) concentrations. The ruminal liquid was anaerobically incubated at 39°C for 6 days in medium containing LLOS. After isolation, the strains were submitted to Gram staining and the bacterial growth was monitored by photospectrometer. It was evaluated the strain growth in the presence of the following subtracts: arabinose, cellulose, glucose, cellobiose, xylose, fructose, and lactose. In roughage diets, strains tolerant to LLOSC1 and LLOSB3 were similar to carbohydrates degradation, except lactose in which LLOSC1 was superior to strains tolerant to LLOSB3. For diets with 50:50 roughage:concentrate ratio, the products LLOSC3 and LLOSA2 stood out because they selected the highest number of strains able to degrade most of the tested carbohydrates. The results suggest that tolerance to propolis is higher in Gram-positive strains with several growth metabolic levels.

Current research studied the replacement of monensin by propolis on performance, feed efficiency and carcass characteristic of bulls finished in feedlot. The bulls, kept in feedlot for 70 days, were allocated in three diets: Control (CON), Monensin (MON) and Propolis (PRO). They were fed on corn silage, cracked corn, soybean meal, urea, limestone and mineral salt. Further, 250 mg monensin and 35 g propolis/bulls/day were included respectively in the MON and PRO diets. Animal performance and carcass characteristics were similar (P>0.05) among diets. Feed intake was higher (P<0.05) for bulls fed on CON (9.17 kg/day) and PRO (9.31 kg/day) diets. Dry, organic matter and carbohydrates digestibility was similar (P<0.05) among the three diets. Protein digestibility was lower (P<0.05) for bulls fed on CON (55.3%) diet and similar for MON (62.3%) and PRO (59.8%) diets. Ether extract digestibility was higher (P<0.05) for bulls fed on PRO (84.6%) diet and lower for bulls fed on CON (73.4%) diet, with MON (80.7%) diet as intermediate. The addition of monensin or propolis did not affect (P>0.05) urinary excretion, microbial synthesis and carcass characteristics.

This study evaluated the Propolis product (LLOS) effects on feed intake, dry matter (DM) and nutrients total digestibility, rumen characteristics and microbial efficiency in buffaloes fed a roughage based diet (70% Cynodon spp hay and 30% concentrate). Using a 4¥4 latin square design, four crossbred buffalo (Murrah x Jafarabadi) steers (519.0±13.0 kg body weight - BW), were fed four treatments with three LLOS concentrations: Control (no LLOS), LLOS B3+ (0.272 mg/g flavonoid chrysin equivalents), LLOS C1 (0.092 mg/g flavonoid chrysin equivalents), and LLOS C1+ (0.184 mg/g flavonoid chrysin equivalents). Diet formulation was 60% total digestible nutrient (TDN) and 11% crude protein (CP). No difference was observed in DM intake among experimental diets (P>0.05). Steers fed LLOS C1 had greater (P<0.05) coefficients of digestibility for DM (67.2 vs 62.7%), organic matter (OM) (68.1 vs 63.7%), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (61.7 vs 56.6%), total carbohydrates (TCHO) (67.7 vs 63.2%) and TDN (66.1 vs 62.8%) compared to animals fed the control diet. LLOS C1 provided greatest (P<0.05) short chain fatty acids (SCFA) production (141.89 vs 129.15 μM/mL) and butyric production (16.15 vs 14.05 μM/mL) compared to control. The lowest rumen pH (6.65; P<0.05) was observed in steers fed diets with LLOS C1. No difference (P>0.05) was observed for ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NH3), solid and liquid passage rate and microbial efficiency among treatments. In this study LLOS C1 improved forage diet efficiency in buffalo steers

Milene Puntel Osmari 1 MORAES, G. V. de; MATAVELI, M.; MOURA, L. P. P. de; SCAPINELLO, C.; MORA, F.; OSMARI, M. P. Inclusion of própolis in rabbits diets and sêmen characteristics. Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR, Umuarama, v. 17, n. 4, p. 227-231, out./ dez. 2014. ABSTRACT:This experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating different levels of powder propolis in rabbit diets and their effect on semen characteristics. A total of 36 New Zealand White male rabbits were used, randomly distributed into six groups, corresponding to six propolis levels (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 g propolis/kg of ration). Semen was collected twice a week, using an artificial vagina. Semen volume, progressive spermatic motility, spermatic vigor, spermatic concentration and spermatic morphology were analyzed. General linear models were used for statistical analysis. The inclusion of powder propolis in the diet increased normal spermatozoa percentage and reduced spermatozoa abnormalities. The powder propolis did not affect the progressive spermatic motility, spermatic vigor or spermatic concentration. The values were considered normal for rabbits. However, a small reduction in semen volume was observed, without any negative effect on the other semen characteristics evaluated. Thus, it is possible to observe better semen quality with the inclusion of 1.25 g powder propolis/kg in the diet for reproducer rabbits. KEYWORDS: Reproduction. Reproducer. Semen evaluation. INCLUSÃO DE PRÓPOLIS NA DIETA DE COELHOS E CARACTERÍSTICAS DO SÊMENRESUMO: Este experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de diferentes níveis de própolis em pó na ração de coelhos sobre as características do sêmen. Utilizaram-se 36 coelhos machos, adultos, Nova Zelândia Brancos, divididos aleatoriamente em seis grupos, consumindo cinco níveis de própolis (0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75; 1,0 e 1,25 g de própolis/kg de ração). Coletou-se sêmen duas vezes por semana, utilizando vagina artificial. Verificou-se o volume, a motilidade espermática progressiva, o vigor espermático, a concentração espermática e a morfologia espermática. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando os modelos lineares generalizados. A adição da própolis na ração elevou a porcentagem de espermatozóides normais e reduziu os anormais. Todavia, foi observada uma pequena redução no volume do sêmen com o aumento do nível de própolis na dieta, sem afetar as demais características do sêmen. A motilidade progressiva, vigor espermático e concentração espermática não foram influenciados pelos diferentes níveis de própolis, valores considerados normais para coelhos. Conclui-se que a melhor qualidade do sêmen de coelhos reprodutores ocorreu com a adição de 1,25 g de própolis/kg de ração. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Avaliação de sêmen. Reprodução. Reprodutores. INCLUSIÓN DE PROPÓLEOS EN LA DIETA DE CONEJOS Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL SEMEN RESUMEN:Este experimento se llevó a cabo para evaluar la influencia de diferentes niveles de polvo de propóleos en la dieta de conejos, bajo las características...