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Studies of the survival, recovery and migration of cyathostomin infective larvae in a Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) pasture were carried out in the Baixada Fluminense county, Rio de Janeiro state. Fresh feces (± 1 kg) from naturally infected horses were deposited monthly on Bermuda grass. Samples of feces and surrounding grass were collected every seven days, from March 2005 to March 2007, and larva were counted. In the feces, cyathostomin L 3 survived for up to 15 weeks, with higher recovery rates during the rainy period (46 228/kg dried herbage -dh), and on the grass for up to 12 weeks. The recovery of L 3 was greater during the dry period in the grass base (1 868/kg dh) compared to the apex (809/kg dh). The migration of L 3 from feces to grass varied during the period. Climatic factors, such as temperature and rain, influenced the development and migratory behavior of cyathostomin L 3 . With regard to the grass base, significant differences were observed at the different collection times. The results demonstrate that under local conditions animals are at permanent risk since the infective larvae are always present on pasture.

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The presence of cyathostomin larvae is directly associated to climatic conditions of each region. This study aimed to evaluate the ecology of infective larvae on Brachiaria humidicola during the dry and rainy seasons from October 2007 to September 2008 in a tropical region, Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil. Stools were collected from the rectum of horses naturally infected with cyathostomins at the beginning of the rainy season (October to March) and dry season (April to September). They were divided into four samples of 500 g and deposited on a grass patch of B. humidicola. Seven days later and every 15 days thereafter samples of feces and grass were collected and processed by the Baermann technique. The mean number of larvae recovered from the grass varied according to the season, with greater recovery of larvae during the peak of the dry season (14,700 L 3 .kg -1 DM). There was a statistically significant difference between L 3 recovered from feces and grass, but not between L 3 recovered from the grass base and apex. These results show that the region's climate favors the development and survival of infective cyathostomin larvae throughout the year, with a greater number of larvae during the dry season.Keywords: Infective larvae, wet and dry seasons, Brachiaria humidicola, cyathostomin. ResumoA disponibilidade de larvas de ciatostomíneos está diretamente relacionada com as condições climáticas de cada região. Para avaliar o comportamento das larvas infectantes nos períodos seco e chuvoso em gramínea Brachiaria humidicola, realizou-se um estudo, no período de outubro/2007 a setembro/2008, na região da Baixada Fluminense, RJ, de clima tropical. Amostras de fezes foram coletadas diretamente do reto de equinos naturalmente infectados por ciatostomíneos, no início do período chuvoso (outubro a março) e seco (abril a setembro), divididas em quatro amostras de 500 g e depositadas em um canteiro formado por gramínea B. humidicola. Sete dias após o depósito e, posteriormente, a cada 15 dias, amostras de fezes e gramíneas, foram coletadas às 8 horas e processadas pela técnica de Baermann. O número médio de larvas recuperadas da gramínea variou conforme os períodos, ocorrendo maior recuperação no ápice do período seco (14.700 L 3 .kg -1 . MS). Diferença significativa ocorreu entre a contagem de L 3 recuperadas das fezes e gramínea e não significativa entre as de L 3 recuperadas nas duas alturas da gramínea. Concluiu-se que as condições climáticas da região favorecem o desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de larvas infectantes de ciatostomíneos durante todo o ano, com maior disponibilidade no período seco.Palavras-chave: Larvas infectantes, períodos chuvoso e seco, Brachiaria humidicola, ciatostomíneos.