Seasonal dynamics of cyathostomin (Nematoda – Cyathostominae) infective larvae in Brachiaria humidicola grass in tropical southeast Brazil

Santos, Claudia Navarro dos; Souza, Luciene Soares de; Quinelato, Simone; Couto, Melissa Carvalho Machado do; Pinheiro, Jairo; Rodrigues, Mariana Gouvêa

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.03.026

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Higher average recovery of L 3 from the stool (165,400 kg -1 DM) and grass samples (14,700 and 13,200 L 3 .kg -1 DM in the GA and GB, respectively) during the dry season was probably due to ideal temperature conditions and low rainfall. These findings agree with those reported by Langrová et al (2003), Bezerra et al (2007), Nielsen et al (2007), Quinelato et al (2008) and Santos et al (2011). Fecal masses play an important role in the development of eggs and larvae, acting as reservoirs for larvae, as observed by Mfitilodze and Hutchinson (1987), Uhlinger (1991), Bezerra et al (2007) and Santos et al (2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These findings agree with those reported by Langrová et al (2003), Bezerra et al (2007), Nielsen et al (2007), Quinelato et al (2008) and Santos et al (2011). Fecal masses play an important role in the development of eggs and larvae, acting as reservoirs for larvae, as observed by Mfitilodze and Hutchinson (1987), Uhlinger (1991), Bezerra et al (2007) and Santos et al (2011). With adequate humidity and temperature, horses can become infected immediately after rainfall, but these animals in this area are more exposed to infection during dry than heavy rainfall periods (BEZERRA et al, 2007;QUINELATO et al, 2008;COUTO et al, 2008;COUTO et al, 2009;RODRIGUES et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The type of grass can also affect the number of larvae recovered. Other studies with different grasses in the same study area reported a lower number of larvae recovered from Coast-cross and Tifton 85 pastures (BEZERRA et al, 2007;COUTO et al, 2008;COUTO et al, 2009;QUINELATO et al, 2008;SANTOS et al, 2011) than from Brachiaria humidicola in our study. Pastures are more fibrous and flattened during the dry season and, depending on the management, they can protect L 3 against temperature changes and evaporation (BRADY; WEIL, 1999), providing an ideal microclimate for a prolonged survival.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

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Cyathostomin larvae: presence on Brachiaria humidicola grass during the rainy and dry seasons of Brazil

Santos

Souza

Vieira

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The presence of cyathostomin larvae is directly associated to climatic conditions of each region. This study aimed to evaluate the ecology of infective larvae on Brachiaria humidicola during the dry and rainy seasons from October 2007 to September 2008 in a tropical region, Rio de Janeiro state, southeastern Brazil. Stools were collected from the rectum of horses naturally infected with cyathostomins at the beginning of the rainy season (October to March) and dry season (April to September). They were divided into four samples of 500 g and deposited on a grass patch of B. humidicola. Seven days later and every 15 days thereafter samples of feces and grass were collected and processed by the Baermann technique. The mean number of larvae recovered from the grass varied according to the season, with greater recovery of larvae during the peak of the dry season (14,700 L 3 .kg -1 DM). There was a statistically significant difference between L 3 recovered from feces and grass, but not between L 3 recovered from the grass base and apex. These results show that the region's climate favors the development and survival of infective cyathostomin larvae throughout the year, with a greater number of larvae during the dry season.Keywords: Infective larvae, wet and dry seasons, Brachiaria humidicola, cyathostomin. ResumoA disponibilidade de larvas de ciatostomíneos está diretamente relacionada com as condições climáticas de cada região. Para avaliar o comportamento das larvas infectantes nos períodos seco e chuvoso em gramínea Brachiaria humidicola, realizou-se um estudo, no período de outubro/2007 a setembro/2008, na região da Baixada Fluminense, RJ, de clima tropical. Amostras de fezes foram coletadas diretamente do reto de equinos naturalmente infectados por ciatostomíneos, no início do período chuvoso (outubro a março) e seco (abril a setembro), divididas em quatro amostras de 500 g e depositadas em um canteiro formado por gramínea B. humidicola. Sete dias após o depósito e, posteriormente, a cada 15 dias, amostras de fezes e gramíneas, foram coletadas às 8 horas e processadas pela técnica de Baermann. O número médio de larvas recuperadas da gramínea variou conforme os períodos, ocorrendo maior recuperação no ápice do período seco (14.700 L 3 .kg -1 . MS). Diferença significativa ocorreu entre a contagem de L 3 recuperadas das fezes e gramínea e não significativa entre as de L 3 recuperadas nas duas alturas da gramínea. Concluiu-se que as condições climáticas da região favorecem o desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de larvas infectantes de ciatostomíneos durante todo o ano, com maior disponibilidade no período seco.Palavras-chave: Larvas infectantes, períodos chuvoso e seco, Brachiaria humidicola, ciatostomíneos.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

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Cyathostomin larvae: presence on Brachiaria humidicola grass during the rainy and dry seasons of Brazil

Santos

Souza

Vieira

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Moisture was shown for other nematode species to influence migratory dynamics [28]. Moisture may also be important to prevent desiccation, a known cause of death for non-dauer stages of C. elegans under laboratory conditions, and to enhance presence and proliferation of microbial food.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of Caenorhabditis elegans across 1.5 years in selected North German locations: the importance of substrate type, abiotic parameters, and Caenorhabditis competitors

et al. 2014

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BackgroundAlthough the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a major model organism in diverse biological areas and well studied under laboratory conditions, little is known about its ecology. Therefore, characterization of the species’ natural habitats should provide a new perspective on its otherwise well-studied biology. The currently best characterized populations are in France, demonstrating that C. elegans prefers nutrient- and microorganism-rich substrates such as rotting fruits and decomposing plant matter. In order to extend these findings, we sampled C. elegans continuously across 1.5 years from rotting apples and compost heaps in three North German locations.ResultsC. elegans was found throughout summer and autumn in both years. It shares its habitat with the related nematode species C. remanei, which could thus represent an important competitor for a similar ecological niche. The two species were isolated from the same site, but rarely the same substrate sample. In fact, C. elegans was mainly found on compost and C. remanei on rotten apples, possibly suggesting niche separation. The occurrence of C. elegans itself was related to environmental humidity and rain, although the correlation was significant for only one sampling site each. Additional associations between nematode prevalence and abiotic parameters could not be established.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings vary from the previous results for French C. elegans populations in that the considered German populations always coexisted with the congeneric species C. remanei (rather than C. briggsae as in France) and that C. elegans prevalence can associate with humidity and rain (rather than temperature, as suggested for French populations). Consideration of additional locations and time points is thus essential for full appreciation of the nematode's natural ecology.

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“…At present, Cyathostominae are the most common parasitic pathogens of horses (Dos Santos et al, 2011;Kuzmina, 2012;Slivinska et al, 2013). For this reason, many studies have been carried out on the infracommunity diversity of these gastrointestinal parasites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyathostominae distribution in experimentally infected ponies

et al. 2015

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SummaryNine ponies were experimentally infected with third stage cyathostome larvae. These animals were examined post-mortem for small strongyle infections from October 2011 to January 2012. Seventeen species of the following Cyathostominae genera were identifi ed: Coronocyclus, Cyathostomum, Cylicocyclus, Cylicostephanus, Gyalocephalus and Petrovinema. Of the 17 species of Cyathostominae recovered, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cyathostomum alveatum and Cylicocyclus nassatus were the most prevalent (100 %). From the entire population of Cyathostominae, 65.6 % were located in the caecum and only 34.4 % in the colon. Only 1,736 (24,6 %) females and 5,329 (75,4 %) males were observed. There was a signifi cant difference between the number of males and females in the genus Cyathostomum, Cylicocyclus and Gyalocephalus.

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Seasonal dynamics of cyathostomin (Nematoda – Cyathostominae) infective larvae in Brachiaria humidicola grass in tropical southeast Brazil

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Cyathostomin larvae: presence on Brachiaria humidicola grass during the rainy and dry seasons of Brazil

Cyathostomin larvae: presence on Brachiaria humidicola grass during the rainy and dry seasons of Brazil

The prevalence of Caenorhabditis elegans across 1.5 years in selected North German locations: the importance of substrate type, abiotic parameters, and Caenorhabditis competitors

Cyathostominae distribution in experimentally infected ponies

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