The association between several gene polymorphisms, the estimated breeding values for milk performance traits, and glucose metabolism measured by the glucose tolerance test (GTT) in German Holstein sires were evaluated. Polymorphisms in DGAT1, GH1, GHR, FASN, and OLR1 genes were not associated with the GTT. A significant relationship was obtained for the DGAT1 AA/GC polymorphism and estimated breeding values for milk performance (milk yield, fat and protein yield, fat and protein percentage). The polymorphism in GHR was significantly associated with estimated breeding values for fat yield, and the polymorphism in OLR1 with estimated breeding value for protein yield. It shows the importance of the polymorphisms and makes their use in the breeding possible. GTT may be helpful in metabolic analyses, but the gene polymorphisms assessed in our study were not associated with GTT traits and further studies should examine other gene polymorphisms to support the role of GTT for potential breeding purposes.
The principal objective of this study was to perform genotyping of the CSN3, CSN2 and LGB genes in selected dairy cattle breeds in the Czech Republic, to determine genotype and allele frequencies and to perform an associative analysis on milk yield in kg, the percentage of fat and protein content, and fat and protein production in kg. The AA was the most frequent genotype for CSN3 with a frequency of 0.474 and the A allele (0.694). The BB genotype (0.814) and the B allele (0.895) predominated in CSN2 gene. Other genotyping was performed for the A1 and A2 alleles, the most frequent were the A2A2 genotype (0.475) and the A2 allele (0.680). The heterozygous AB genotype with a frequency of 0.900 was the most frequent in the LGB gene. A statistically significant higher protein content was found in the AB genotype in comparison to the BB in gene for CSN2. In the remaining cases, the effect of CSN3, CSN2 and LGB polymorphic variations on the milk production indicators was not statistically significant.
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