RESUMOA espécie Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth pertence ao gênero Croton, da família Euphorbiaceae, uma espécie bastante encontrada do Nordeste do Brasil, e devido aos seus tricomas esta espécie é popularmente conhecida como "velame", "velaminho" e "marmeleiro". Na medicina popular é utilizada para dores estomacais, mal estar gástrico, vômito, disenteria e antipirético. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil fitoquímico do extrato etanólico da casca do caule de Croton heliotropiifolius e o potencial toxicológico frente à Artemia salina. As cascas foram submetidas à extração com etanol a temperatura ambiente, subsequentemente foi realizado um estudo fitoquímico preliminar. O extrato etanólico da casca do caule de Croton heliotropiifolius nas concentrações de 50, 100, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 μg/mL foram submetidas ao teste de A. salina. O extrato etanólico da casca do caule de Croton heliotropiifolius apresentou um rendimento de 8%. A análise fitoquímica mostrou a presença dos seguintes metabólitos secundários: cumarinas, flavonoides e terpenos. O extrato etanólico mostrou uma CL50 de 396,6 µg/ml classificada como toxicidade moderada. Este estudo contribui para o aprofundamento dos conhecimentos relativo à composição química e toxicidade desta espécie.
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the teratogenicity of Riparin III in embryos of Gallus gallus (domestic) at an early stage of development. This study is unprecedented in the literature. Chicken eggs were used to investigate the morphometry. All the groups were incubated at 37.2 ± 0.1°C and 60 ± 5% relative humidity for 24 h. The embryonic disc was identified and the eggs of the control group were administered 0.1 ml of saline tamponade (PBS, pH 7.0) and those of the other group were administered Riparin III in 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml doses. The eggs were closed with sterile adhesive strips and incubation was continued for another 24 h. All the eggs were then reopened and the embryos dissected from embryonic membranes and evaluated histopathologically with haematoxylin eosin dye for 15 s and washed with distilled water. An embryological development within twelve stages as classified by Hamburger and Hamilton (1951) was obtained. When compared with the control group, the width of the neural tube of the embryos was modified with all Riparin III concentrations. Longer somites resulted from the 50 and 100 μg/ml Riparina III concentrations. The function of the structures was preserved. This drug can potentially be used in pregnant women as an anxiolytic and for treating depression.
Croton heliotropiifolius is an endemic specie in northeast of Brazil. It is renowned for its medicinal properties, larvicidal, insecticidal and cytotoxic activity. This study evaluated the phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract stem bark of C. heliotropiifolius (EECroton) and the toxicological potential in Swiss albino mice. Phytochemical analysis were performed by thin-layer chromatography. The EECroton at 2000 mg/kg (orally) was used for acute toxicity on Swiss albino mice evaluated during a 14-day period. Histomorphometric analysis of liver and renal tissue along with hematological and serum enzyme levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), creatinine and urea were measured. The phytochemical investigation of EECroton revealed the presence of coumarins, flavonoids triterpenes and absence of alkaloid, saponins and condensed tannins. The EECroton (2000 mg/kg: o.v.) showed moderate toxicity and the results of serum hematological and enzymatic levels were similar in the respective groups. Histopathological and histomorphometric analyzes confirmed a low of level of toxicity, showing organization of the structural units of the cells, nuclei and sinusoidal capillaries of the hepatocytes as well as renal corpuscles without presenting morphological damage to their organs. These data suggest that the presence of phenolic compound in EECroton demonstrate low order of toxicity.
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