Caracterização genética de mulungu (Erythrina velutinaWilldPalavras-chave: Genética vegetal. Mulungu.
ABSTRACT -The coral tree (Erythrina velutina Willd.), popularly known in Brazil as mulungu, presents various pharmacological properties and although extremely scarce, can be found in regions of the State of Sergipe, Brazil. Due to economic interests, producing information in order to set up plans for its conservation and sustainable exploitation becomes essential. The objective of this work was to characterize individuals of Erythrina velutina by means of ISSR markers. In order to do this, 40 individuals were studied from three locations in the State of Sergipe (The town of Pinhão -Caatinga; The towns of Santana do San Francisco and São Cristóvão -Atlantic Forest). In total, 149 loci from 11 ISSR primers were obtained and evaluated. The minimum number of loci for the study of diversity in E. velutina was 117, agreeing with Kruskal's stress value. Spatial genetic structuring is seen in the population from Santana, but the population from Pinhão lacks this structuring; its individuals are distributed randomly, compromising sustainability over time and therefore requiring immediate action for its conservation and restoration.
ABSTRACT. The goal of this study was to characterize the structure of two natural populations of the coral tree using RAPD and ISSR markers. The study evaluated all individuals in two different areas in the northeastern region of Brazil: the first was in the riparian area, 10 km x 100 m along the edge of the lower São Francisco River, and the second was in the municipality of Pinhão, in a semiarid region between the municipalities of Neópolis and Santana do São Francisco. We used all the coral trees present in those two areas (37 individuals). The results of the RAPD and ISSR markers were highly congruent, supporting the reliability of the techniques (2015) used. Similarity was estimated using the Jaccard arithmetic complement index. A dendrogram was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean cluster algorithm, and the robustness of the data was bootstrapped with 5000 replicates. A principal coordinate analysis was performed on the basis of Jaccard coefficients. The total genetic variation observed was 21%, corresponding to the variation between the populations, and 79% of the variation was observed within the populations.
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