Plasma and tissue from breast cancer patients are valuable for diagnostic/prognostic purposes and are accessible by multiple mass spectrometry (MS) tools. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and ambient mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) were shown to be robust and reproducible technologies for breast cancer diagnosis. Here, we investigated whether there is a correspondence between lipid cancer features observed by desorption electrospray ionization (DESI)-MSI in tissue and those detected by LC-MS in plasma samples. The study included 28 tissues and 20 plasma samples from 24 women with ductal breast carcinomas of both special and no special type (NST) along with 22 plasma samples from healthy women. The comparison of plasma and tissue lipid signatures revealed that each one of the studied matrices (i.e., blood or tumor) has its own specific molecular signature and the full interposition of their discriminant ions is not possible. This comparison also revealed that the molecular indicators of tissue injury, characteristic of the breast cancer tissue profile obtained by DESI-MSI, do not persist as cancer discriminators in peripheral blood even though some of them could be found in plasma samples.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is offered to patients with operable or inoperable breast cancer (BC) to downstage the disease. Clinical responses to NACT may vary depending on a few known clinical and biological features, but the diversity of responses to NACT is not fully understood. In this study, 80 women had their metabolite profiles of pre-treatment sera analyzed for potential NACT response biomarker candidates in combination with immunohistochemical parameters using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Sixty-four percent of the patients were resistant to chemotherapy. NMR, hormonal receptors (HR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and the nuclear protein Ki67 were combined through machine learning (ML) to predict the response to NACT. Metabolites such as leucine, formate, valine, and proline, along with hormone receptor status, were discriminants of response to NACT. The glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism was found to be involved in the resistance to NACT. We obtained an accuracy in excess of 80% for the prediction of response to NACT combining metabolomic and tumor profile data. Our results suggest that NMR data can substantially enhance the prediction of response to NACT when used in combination with already known response prediction factors.
As síndromes de Prader-Willi (SPW) e Angelman (SA) possuem características clínicas distintas e suas prevalências são de :5.000 a :25.000 nascimentos. A etiologia dessas síndromes está relacionada com alterações na região q a q3 do cromossomo 5, que contém um grupo de genes imprintados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo retrospectivo de pacientes com suspeita clínica de SPW e SA, e realizar análises citogenéticas e moleculares complementares. Foram revisados os resultados de cariótipo e teste de metilação. As técnicas de Hibridação in situ fluorescente (FISH) com a sonda MD IGFR(5q26)/SNRPN/UBE3A(5q) – Podeidon-Kreatech Diagnostics; e hibridação genômica em array (aGH) utilizando a plataforma CytoScan 750 K array (Affymetrix® Microarray Solutions, Santa Clara, CA) foram empregadas em casos pertinentes. Dos 30 pacientes analisados, o teste de metilação confirmou nove de 23 casos com suspeita de SPW e um de sete casos com suspeita de SA. Todos os pacientes com suspeita clínica de SPW e teste de metilação normal, também possuíam cariótipo normal. Entre os pacientes que tiveram a SPW confirmada através do teste de metilação, sete possuíam resultado de cariótipo normal e dois tinham cariótipo alterado. Em um caso foi identificada a deleção 5q2q2, confirmada por FISH, e, no outro caso, foi encontrada uma translocação Robertsoniana envolvendo os cromossomos 4 e 5. O resultado de FISH foi normal, enquanto a técnica de aGH mostrou uma dissomia uniparental (DUP) segmentar materna em 5q.2-q4. Entre os pacientes com suspeita clínica de SA com metilação normal, cinco tiveram resultado de cariótipo normal e uma apresentou uma inserção entre os cromossomos 9 e 5. O resultado de aGH desta paciente também foi normal. O paciente com a síndrome confirmada pelo teste de metilação possui resultado de cariótipo alterado e a análise do cariótipo dos familiares permitiu constatar que se trata de um rearranjo cromossômico herdado da família materna do paciente. Através dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que o teste de metilação é eficiente para a confirmação do diagnóstico de SPW e SA, porém, os casos relatados neste trabalho, associados a rearranjos cromossômicos, mostram que a análise citogenética contribui para o aconselhamento genético adequado das famílias. Apoio financeiro: FAEPEX-UNICAMP.
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