O artigo discorre sobre a utilização da abordagem qualitativa na Ciência Política e no Marketing Político. As discussões apresentadas derivam-se, principalmente, da experiência acadêmica com a pesquisa Ideologia Política, Propaganda Eleitoral e Voto: o efeito persuasivo do Horário Eleitoral na Campanha da Presidência da República, em que foram empregadas as técnicas de entrevista em profundidade e grupos focais.
This paper discusses the use of qualitative research technie to the study Political Science and to the Political Marketing. The issues discussed here drawn from the research on Political Ideology, Electoral Propaganda and Votes: the effect of "horário electoral" on the presidency campaign, in which were used depth interviews and focus group technies
Os partidos brasileiros na perspectiva dos eleitores: mudanças e continuidades na identificação partidária e na avaliação das principais legendas após 2002Resumo O artigo analisa as mudanças e continuidades na identidade partidária e na avaliação pelos eleitores dos quatro grandes partidos brasileiros: PT, PMDB, PSDB e PFL/DEM, entre 2002 e 2006. Os dados mostram uma redução no número de eleitores com identificação partidária no período e o PT como a agremiação com a maior perda. Não obstante, nenhum dos três outros partidos foi diretamente beneficiado com a perda petista. Quanto aos perfis dos eleitores de cada partido, a comparação entre os dois pleitos mostra que o PT e o PMDB apresentaram as mudanças mais significativas. A análise final mostra que a avaliação positiva do governo vigente e a avaliação positiva do partido situacionista são as variáveis mais associadas à avaliação dos partidos.Palavras-chave: identidade partidária; avaliação dos partidos; perfil dos eleitores; avaliação do governo Abstract The article analyses the changes and continuities related to the party identification and the party evaluation of the main four Brazilian parties: PT, PMDB,PSDB and PFL/DEM in 2002 and 2006. Data show a reduction in the party identification and the Worker's Party as the one with the main reduction, although none of the other 3 parties have benefited of the reduction. The PMDB and the PT show the most significant changes in the voter's social and demographic characteristics between elections. Finally, the analysis shows that the positive evaluation of the current government and the positive evaluation of the government party are variables strongly associated to the party evaluation.
Digital inclusion and health counselors: a policy for the reduction of social inequalities in BrazilInclusão digital e conselheiros de saúde: uma política para a redução da desigualdade social no Brasil Bertolt Brecht
Estudo de satisfação dos beneficiários de planos de saúde de hospitais filantrópicosConsumer satisfaction study in philanthropic hospital health plans
This article examines whether the state, through conditional cash transfer programs (CCT), can reduce the poverty and extremely poverty in societies marred by high levels of income concentration. We focus on one of the most unequal countries in the globe, Brazil, and analyze the extent to which this country's CCT program -Bolsa Família (BF, Family Grant) program -is able to improve the life chances of extremely poor beneficiaries, through the three major goals of PBF: First, to immediately end hunger; second, to create basic social rights related to healthcare and education; finally, considering also complementary policies, to integrate adults into the job market. The analysis relies on a quantitative survey with 4,000 beneficiaries and a qualitative survey comprised of in-depth interviews with 38 program's participants from all the regions of the country in 2008, it means that this study is about the five first years of the PBF. In order to answer the research questions, we ran four probit analyses related: a) the determinants of the realization of prenatal care; b) the determinants of food security among BF beneficiaries, c) the determinants that adult BF recipients will return to school, d) the determinants that a BF beneficiary will obtain a job. Important results from the study are: First, those who before their participation on PBF were at the margins have now been able to access healthcare services on a more regular basis. Thus, the women at the margins who were systematically excluded -black women, poorly educated and from the North -now, after their participation in the CCT program, have more access to prenatal care and can now count with more availability of public healthcare network. Second, before entering the Bolsa Família program, 50.3% of the participants faced severe food insecurity. This number went down to 36.8% in very five years. Men are more likely than women; non-blacks more likely than blacks; and South and Centre-West residents more likely than Brazilians from other regions; to become food secure while participating in BF. Third, instead, that moment in 2008, a small proportion of the adult participants indeed were able to return to school and to increase their educational qualifications. The lack of technical skills and the huge predominance of informal employment are central social problems in Brazil and that the PBF has failed to address such issues. This study confirms what other previous studies have reported on: BF has had a positive impact in reducing poverty in the country. Hence the main contribution of the present study is in identifying the main determinants of unequal results among individuals participating in the BF program: why some, but not others, are more easily able to access the healthcare or to overcome food insecurity while in the program? KEYWORDS: conditional cash transfer programs (CCT); family grant; food security; extremely poverty in Brazil; social rights in Brazil.Recebido em 17 de Fevereiro de 2014. Aprovado em 30 de Março de 2014.
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