The idea of an area of endemism implies that different groups of plants and animals should have largely coincident distributions. This paper analyses an area of 1152 000 km2, between parallels 21 and 32°S and meridians 70 and 53°W to examine whether a large and taxonomically diverse data set actually displays areas supported by different groups. The data set includes the distribution of 805 species of plants (45 families), mammals (25 families), reptiles (six families), amphibians (five families), birds (18 families), and insects (30 families), and is analysed with the optimality criterion (based on the notion of endemism) implemented in the program NDM/VNDM. Almost 50% of the areas obtained are supported by three or more major groups; areas supported by fewer major groups generally contain species from different genera, families, or orders. © The Willi Hennig Society 2011.

:  During a long-term study on biodiversity of bats in the Yungas and Entre Ríos provinces, 1,304 specimens of bats included in the families Noctilionidae, Phyllostomidae, Vespertilionidae, and Molossidae were collected and checked for filarioids. Litomosoides molossi Esslinger, 1973 was recovered from the thoracic and abdominal cavities of Molossus molossus (prevalence [P] = 6.4%); Litomosoides chandleri Esslinger, 1973 from Artibeus planirostris (P = 6.9%), Sturnira oporaphilum (P = 66.6%), Sturnira erythromos (P = 23.8%), Sturnira lilium (P = 7.2%), and Eumops perotis (P = 50%); and Litomosoides saltensis n. sp. was collected from Eptesicus furinalis (P = 1.7%). In this paper, we emend the description of L. molossi; describe a new species, Litomosoides saltensis n. sp., on the basis of 1 female specimen; and report for the first time L. molossi and L. chandleri parasitizing Argentinean bats, expanding the host and locality records. Litomosoides molossi exhibits a slender buccal capsule, with an anterior segment transparent, and the posterior chitinous portion displays 2 thickenings in the first third; possesses 1 dorsal prominent cephalic papilla and 4 labial papillae distributed around the mouth; cuticle with lateral punctuations all along the hypodermic chords in both sexes; and male with area rugosa and tail without cloacal papillae. In L. chandleri, the lateral punctuations are distributed on the posterior extremity of the body in both sexes. Litomosoides saltensis n. sp. displays a thick buccal capsule with a posterior segment well cuticularized, possessing 2 thickenings in the anterior half; 4 labial and 2 ventral cephalic papillae; a globular vulva located anterior to the esophagus-intestine junction; cuticle with lateral punctuations in the posterior extremity of the body; and tail with salient phasmids. We also provide a taxonomic key for the identification of the Litomosoides sp. of bat dwelling. Long-term studies and large sample sizes are needed to detect the presence of Litomosoides sp. in bats, in contrast to the findings in cricetid rodents, which seem to be more frequently collected.

Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), Aspidiotus nerii Bouché, Borchseniaspis palmae (Cockerell), Cornuaspis beckii (Newman), Chrysomphalus aonidum (Linnaeus), Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (Morgan), Insulaspis gloverii (Packard), Mycetaspis personata (Comstock), Parlatoria cinerea Doane & Hadden, Parlatoria pergandii Comstock, Pinnaspis aspidistrae (Signoret) and Unaspis citri (Comstock), on citrus plants in Tucumán, Argentina, are discussed in this paper. A key for the recognition of the species, as well as the synonymy, characterization and illustration are also included. Data on economic importance and host plants are provided.

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-Twenty one species of the scale insects on fruit plants from Argentina are discussed in this paper. A key for the recognition of the species, as well as the synonymy, morphological characterization, and illustration are also included. Data on economic importance and host plant are provided. Diaspidiotus ancylus Putnam is recorded for the first time from Argentina and Crenulaspidiotus lahillei (Lizer y Trelles) is redescribed in this paper.KEY WORDS: Scale insect, neotropical, key RESUMEN -Se registraron 21 especies de cochinillas Diaspididae sobre plantas frutales en la Argentina; se presenta una clave para el reconocimiento de las especies, así como la sinonimia, caracterización morfológica e ilustración de las mismas y datos de las plantas huéspedes e importancia económica. Diaspidiotus ancylus Putnam es citada por primera vez para la Argentina y Crenulaspidiotus lahillei (Lizer y Trelles), es redescripta en el presente trabajo.

(Spix, 1823). This species is characterized by cephalic vesicle striate, thick egg shell punctate, spicules equal, symmetrical development of spicule wings, particular arrangement and number the ridges of synlophe, and lack of esophageal tooth. Cheiropteronema striatum sp. nov. is the second species described for the genus and the first recorded in frugivorous bats of Argentina. KEYWORDS.Frugivorous bats, nematode parasites, Neotropical. RESUMEN.Se describe a Cheiropteronema striatum sp. nov. parásita del murciélago Artibeus planirostris (Spix, 1823). Se caracteriza por presentar vesícula cefálica estriada, superficie de los huevos con puntuaciones, espículas iguales, nacimiento simétrico del ala espicular, particular disposición y número de crestas del synlophe y por carecer de diente esofágico. Es la segunda especie del género y la primera que se registra en quirópteros frugívoros de la Argentina.

ABSTRACT. Redescription of one species and description of two new species of Acanthococcus Signoret (Hemiptera, Eriococcidae) from the Neotropical Region. The adult female and the first-instar nymph of Acanthococcus piptadeniae (Hempel), from Brazil, are redescribed and illustrated, and two new species from Argentina are described and illustrated based on the adult female. A key to Acanthococcus species with six setae on the protibiae and five on meso-and metatibiae, including Acanthococcus dubius (Cockerell), cited in the Neotropical Region, is presented.KEYWORDS. Argentina; Brazil; Eriococcus; taxonomic key. RESUMEN. Redescripción de una especie y descripción de dos especies nuevas de Acanthococcus Signoret (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) de la región Neotropical. Se redescriben e ilustran la hembra adulta y la ninfa del primer estadio de Acanthococcus piptadeniae (Hempel), de Brasil y se describen e ilustran dos especies nuevas de la Argentina basado en la hembra adulta. Se presenta una clave para las especies de Acanthococcus con seis setas en las protibias y cinco en meso y metatibias, incluyendo a Acanthococcus dubius (Cockerell), citada para la región Neotropical.

ABSTRACT. The Dactylopiidae and Diaspididae (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) of the Kenneth Hayward Collection, Tucumán, Argentina. The Kenneth Hayward collection housed at the Instituto Miguel Lillo (IMLA) and at Estación Experimental Agroindustrial "Obispo Colombres" (EEAOC) both in Tucumán, Argentina, was studied. Four Dactylopiidae and 32 Diaspididae species with their host plants are listed. Duplaspidiotus koehleri Lizer y Trelles and Pallulaspis lantanae Green & Laing, are redescribed and illustrated; the two species were originally described from Argentina. The genus Rugaspidiotus Mc Gillivary is recorded for the first time from Argentina.