El cultivo de Crambe abyssinica, es explotado comercialmente en Brasil, así la importancia de desarrollar estudios que posibiliten el perfeccionamiento de las técnicas involucradas en su producción. La plantación sobre restos culturales de diferentes especies de cobertura puede aumentar el desarrollo vegetativo y productivo del crambe. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el desarrollo vegetativo y reproductivo del crambe cultivado sobre restos culturales de diferentes especies, en sucesión al cultivo de lechuga crespa. El delineamiento experimental utilizado fue en bloques al azar. Los tratamientos correspondieron a restos culturales de plantas de cobertura, siendo estas: crotalária (Crotalaria juncea), frijol guandu (Cajanus cajan), frijol de porco (Canavalia ensiformis), milheto (Pennisetum glaucum) y sorgo (Sorghum bicolor), además de un tratamiento control, con uso de vegetación espontánea. A los 49 días se evaluó altura de planta, diámetro de tallo, número de hojas, contenido relativo de clorofila, número de ramas laterales, masa seca y fresca de la parte aérea. Las variables productivas se evaluaron a los 95 días después de la siembra, obteniendo la masa de granos por planta, el peso hectolitro de los granos. Posteriormente fue estimada la productividad de cada tratamiento y el ingreso bruto. Se verificó que mantener los restos culturales de plantas de cobertura beneficia el desarrollo vegetativo de la cultura de crambe y no altera la productividad de los granos. Esta técnica aumenta el beneficio económico del cultivo, siendo recomendada durante el barbecho, en detrimento del manejo de plantas espontáneas.

A batata-doce é um alimento que se destaca como importante fonte de energia e fonte alternativa de carboidratos em substituição à grãos e outros tubérculos. O cultivo rudimentar, através da utilização de ramos para propagação diretamente a campo, é usual e pode, no entanto, ser responsável por um baixo índice de sobrevivência das brotações. Neste aspecto, objetivou-se definir a melhor técnica para obtenção de mudas em ambiente protegido através da utilização de diferentes substratos e níveis de enfolhamento das estacas de batata-doce. Foi empregado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, sendo quatro substratos (água, solução nutritiva, substrato turfoso saturado com água e substrato turfoso saturado com solução nutritiva) e dois tipos de estaca (folha inteira e meia folha), dispostos em quatro repetições. Avaliaram-se, primeiramente, o comprimento e o número de raízes nas brotações em cada tratamento. Posteriormente, foi avaliada a porcentagem de brotações emergidas, o número de folhas, a altura e o diâmetro das brotações, a massa seca de parte aérea e de raízes das brotações emergidas. Concluiu-se que a estaquia realizada diretamente em substrato turfoso com solução nutritiva utilizando estacas com folhas inteiras é uma alternativa de baixo custo e resulta em mudas de batata-doce com elevada qualidade.

O pequi é considerado espécie de grande interesse econômico, com grande potencial de expansão na culinária brasileira. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da radiação UV-C na qualidade e longevidade pós-colheita dos caroços de pequi in natura. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4x4, análises destrutivas, e 4x6, análises não destrutivas, (tempo de radiação x dias), 4 repetições e 5 caroços por embalagem de cloreto de polivinila + poliestireno expandido. Os tratamentos foram expostos à radiação UV-C, com amplitude de onda medindo 254ƞm, sendo: 0 (controle), 2, 4 e 8 minutos, mantidos a 10±1°C e umidade relativa de 85±5%, sendo realizadas análises não destrutivas, como: perda de massa e conservação pós-colheita, por um período de 15 e 18 dias. As análises destrutivas como: Cor: L*, croma e °hue, acidez titulável (AT), sólidos solúveis (SS), índice de maturação (SS/AT) e pH, avaliadas por 9 dias. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância (p≤0,05) e regressão, quando significativos. A exposição à radiação UV-C por 4 e 8 minutos manteve a qualidade do pequi por até 18 dias, tornando-se menos susceptível a deterioração e escurecimento, além de apresentar uma tonalidade de cor mais atrativa, e menos ácida.Palavras-chave: Caryocar brasiliense Camb., vida de prateleira, conservação, cerrado. EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION ON QUALITY AND POSTHARVEST STORAGE OF PEQUI ABSTRACT: The pequi is considered species of great economic interest, with great potential for expansion in brazilian cuisine. Therefore, the objective of evaluating the effect of UV-C radiation on quality and postharvest longevity of seeds of pequi in natura. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in factorial scheme 4x4, destructive analyses, and 4x6, non-destructive analyses (time of radiation x days), 4 reps and 5 seeds per pack of polyvinyl chloride + polystyrene expanded. The treatments were exposed to UV-C radiation with wave amplitude measuring 254ƞm: 0 (control), 2, 4 and 8 minutes, kept at 10 ± 1°C and relative humidity of 85 ± 5%, being carried out, as non-destructive analyses: loss of mass and postharvest conservation, by a period of 15 and 18 days. The destructive analysis as: color: L*, chroma and °hue, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), maturation index (SS/TA) and pH, evaluated for 9 days. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (p≤0.05) and when significant regression. The UV-C radiation exposure for 4 and 8 minutes kept the quality of pequi for up to 18 days, becoming less susceptible to deterioration and dimming, in addition to presenting a more attractive color tone, and less acidic.Keywords: Caryocar brasiliense Camb., shelf life, conservation, cerrado.

The Brazilian production of persimmon expanded in recent years, mainly due to the high productivity of the culture. The persimmon fruit is originally from subtropical climate. However, new cultivation areas in tropical regions seem promising, especially altitude regions in the Brazilian savannah. In this context, the objective of this study was to assess production, productivity and fruit quality components of three cultivars of persimmon cultivated in tropical regions. The persimmon cultivars Pomelo, Guiombo and Rama Forte were evaluated in regards to the physical and chemical characteristics of fruits and productivity in two harvest seasons (190 days after pruning and 220 days after pruning). Fruits were obtained from twelve-year-old trees cultivated at the Rural Experimental Station of Anápolis -GO, planted at a spacing of 7 m x 5 m and grafted on common persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) trees. The cultivars showed reliable levels of productivity, especially Pomelo and Giombo. The cultivar Giombo was the most productive in the region with an average yield of 545 fruits per plant. However, the Giombo fruit had reduced mass (127 g), and were smaller compared to the other evaluated cultivars. Pomelo fruits have higher average fresh mass (224 g), even without standing out with maximum yield. The highest yields were obtained for Giombo and Pomelo cultivars (13.25 and 19.27 ton/ha, respectively). Harvest time influences fruit parameters. The fruit harvested 190 days after pruning exhibited higher SS contents and lower acidity when compared with the other fruit harvested 220 days after pruning, regardless of the cultivar. The fruits on the plant darken over time. The Pomelo cultivar tended to yellowing with the reduction of soluble solids. Rama Forte and Giombo tended to reddening with increasing SS. The fruits of the Giombo cultivar had a higher SS/TA ratio, thus demonstrating that they are tastier compared to the other cultivars. The cultivars Giombo and Pomelo should be prioritized when choosing based on plant production, without worrying about shape and fruit color characteristics.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar física e quimicamente, variedades de caqui (Diospyros kaki L) produzidas em região de clima tropical, visando obter características de qualidade para consumo in natura e/ou processamento. As variedades analisadas foram: Rama forte, Giombo e Pomelo. A coleta dos frutos foi realizada em 5 plantas de cada variedade, coletados 10 frutos por planta, obtendo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 5 repetições. A coleta foi manual e aleatória, quando os frutos se apresentaram maduros. Os frutos foram avaliados fisicamente quanto à massa, altura e diâmetro dos frutos, e número e massa de sementes por fruto; e quimicamente quanto ao pH, teor de sólidos solúveis totais, acidez titulável, ratio, umidade, cinzas, proteína, lipídeos, e carboidratos. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA e comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5%. Não houve diferença significativa entre as cultivares para as variáveis químicas, com exceção dos sólidos solúveis totais, que apresentou mais elevado na cultivar Giombo. As variáveis físicas apresentaram diferença significativa, com a cultivar Pomelo destacando quanto ao peso, altura e diâmetro. O Giombo apresentou maior número de sementes. As variedades se mostraram aptas a serem produzidas em ambientes de clima tropical, apresentando boas características de qualidade para o comércio in natura e ao processamento.

The mandarins have made possible a great increase in the production due to diverse cultural treatments, potentializing the increase of the production and reduction of the losses. However, studies are needed that can maintain post-harvest quality and increase in the field. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate physically and chemically the ‘Dekopon’ tangerine fruits, analyzing the influence of the application of Calcium Chloride in 100, 200, 300, 400% of the recommended dosage, in addition to the control. The fruit samples were extracted from an experimental orchard in the municipality of Anápolis-GO and the analyzes were performed in the EMATER-GO laboratory. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) composed of five doses of Calcium Chloride, three replicates during four weeks of evaluation (0, 7, 14 and 21 days), respectively, and the variables evaluated were submitted to polynomial regression analysis depending on the weeks. In this experiment were evaluated: loss of mass, coloration, soluble solids, titratable acidity and texture. The data originated from the analyzes were submitted to regression analysis by means of an F test at the probability level of 5%, to measure the meaning of the proposed model. It was concluded that the use of Calcium Chloride in most variables did not act positively in the post-harvest maintenance of fruit quality. However, it may be noted that desirable characteristics were observed in other post-harvest variables for applications of 100 and 200% of the recommended dosage during 21 days of evaluation.

This study aimed to verify the effect of the association between refrigeration and packaging on the preservation of postharvest quality of pitombas during storage. The fruits were harvested, transported to the laboratory, where they were selected, washed with neutral detergent and drinking water, and left to dry. Subsequently, the fruits packed in polypropylene (PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) + expanded polystyrene (EPS), and no packaging (Control). After this process, they were stored at temperatures of 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14±1 °C at 75±5% relative humidity (RH). The fruits were evaluated during 12 days for postharvest preservation, firmness, soluble solids content, pH, hue angle and chroma of the peel, with three replications of 10 fruits each, using a completely randomized design in a 5 × 5 × 7 factorial scheme (5 temperatures × 5 packages × 7 days of analysis). The results were subjected to analysis of variance (P≤0.05) and, when significant, the means were compared using the Scott-Knott test and regression at a 5% significance level. The use of LDPE packaging associated with refrigeration at 6 °C can be used to store pitombas for 12 days, as these conditions preserved the evaluated parameters, guaranteeing fruit quality.

The seedling production is a stage of great importance for several crops. The seeds of the coffee tree present germination difficulties due to the physical barrier imposed by the parchment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of parchment presence and pre-sowing treatment with vitamins on the emergence of coffee seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2x4 factorial design (parchment presence x types of vitamins), in four replicates with 15 seeds per plot. Vitamins concentration was 100 mg l-1 of thiamine, 100 mg l-1 niacin, 50 mg l-1 thiamine + 50 mg l-1 niacin and a control treatment. The evaluations were performed weekly, with the emerged seedlings being counted until the 76 th day after sowing. The emergence percentage was obtained after the 146 th day after sowing, counting the number of normal seedlings obtained. The parchment removal increases the speed and the emergence percentage of the coffee seedlings. The treatment with vitamin did not influenced the emergence characteristics of the coffee tree.