The data suggest head lice resistance is present in many parts of England to over-the-counter products containing synthetic insecticides (permethrin, phenothrin and malathion). They further suggest that resistance is starting to develop to carbaryl in head lice in Leeds and that extensive use of this product would lead to significant resistance.

Sympathetic function was studied in 101 diabetic children and 102 age and sex matched control children, as part of a longitudinal study of the evolution of microvascular disease in the population of diabetic children and adolescents in Avon County. The median (range) age of the diabetic population was 13-5 (6-0-17.2) years, the duration of diabetes was 4 0 (0.4-13.9) years, and glycated haemoglobin (HbAl) was 10-9 (7-0-18-1)%.Pupillary adaptation in darkness, as an index of sympathetic neuropathy, was measured using a Polaroid portable pupillometer. Diabetic (r=-0.1). Eight (7/9%) diabetic and four (3-9%) control children were identified as having abnormal pupillary dilation in darkness. In comparison with the rest of the diabetic population, these diabetic children had longer diabetes duration and poorer glycaemic control.Polaroid pupillometry has demonstrated subclinical autonomic neuropathy in a population of diabetic children and adolescents. These abnormalities were related to poor metabolic control, long diabetes duration, and also to other indices of microvascular disease.

This study highlights the significant impact IOL opacification has on visual performance and experience, in particular glare and consequent impact on quality of life. The study shows that to quantify accurately the effect of IOL opacification on vision glare must be assessed.

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ObjectiveTo establish short-term and medium-term complications 1-year postdiagnosis, of acute pancreatitis (AP) in children aged 0–14 years.DesignOne-year follow-up of a prospective monthly surveillance of new cases of AP in children under 15 years through the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit (BPSU) from April 2013 to April 2014.SettingA monthly surveillance of >3700 consultant paediatricians and paediatric surgeons in the UK and Ireland using the BPSU.PatientsChildren aged 0–14 years with a new diagnosis of AP.Main outcome measuresThe outcomes following AP, including the incidence of complications and comorbidity at diagnosis and at 1 year.ResultsOf the 94 new confirmed cases of AP identified in the UK during the study period, 90 cases (96%) were included in the 1-year follow-up. 30 patients (32%) developed further episode(s) of AP. Over one-fifth of patients developed one or more major complication. At initial admission, the most common of these was pancreatic necrosis (n=8, 9%), followed by respiratory failure (n=7, 7%). Reported complications by 1 year were pseudocyst formation (n=9, 10%), diabetes requiring insulin therapy (n=4, 4%) and maldigestion (n=1, 1%). At 1-year postdiagnosis, only 59% of children made a full recovery with no acute or chronic complications or recurrent episodes of AP. Two patients died, indicating a case fatality of ~2.0%.ConclusionsAP in childhood is associated with significant short-term and medium-term complications and comorbidities including risk of recurrence in approximately a third of cases.

related to drug exposure are NSAIDs, intra-articular corticosteroids, and narcotic use. Noted limitations included the limited ability to adjust for clinical severity and potential residual confounding factors. ConClusions: Gout disease was associated with a 31% increased risk of joint replacement in older adults. Further research is needed to confirm this potential associated risk.

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