Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most frequent urological malignancies in adults. RCC often metastasizes to other organs, but rarely to the oromaxillofacial region. Metastatic tumors to the jaws are also unusual. In this report, we present two cases of RCC metastasis to the jaws. Metastatic RCC is resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, so surgery is the primary therapeutic choice. This report describes the diagnostic procedures utilized and the therapeutic process in the two cases. The differential diagnosis and treatment methods are discussed.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is common in human salivary glands. Surgery is the preferred treatment method for MEC and chemotherapy is often administered following surgery as an adjuvant cancer treatment; however, chemotherapy does not completely prevent tumor recurrence. Emerging evidence has indicated the existence of cancer stem-like (CSL)-cells in tumors. CSL-cells are important in the development, invasion and drug resistance of carcinomas. The present study aimed to investigate whether chemotherapy enriched the CSL-cells in the MEC cell line of MC3 using 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu). The MC3 cells were treated with 5-Fu, which enhanced the spherogenesis and vitality of the cells and upregulated the pluripotency gene, octamer-binding transcription factor 4. Side population analysis demonstrated that the proportion of CSL-cells also increased. These findings showed that compared with other types of cancer cells, chemotherapy was unable to effectively kill the CSL-cells resulting in an enriched CSL-cell subpopulation with a higher resistance to chemotherapy, which may have been key the recurrence of MEC.
Chlorogenic acid
(CGA), a phenolic acid from coffee, has been regarded
as a powerful ingredient against oxidative stress and inflammation.
Meanwhile, its healing feature to interfere with periodontal disease
(PD) makes it a promising drug candidate. However, the existing methods
for chlorogenic acid detection limit its practical application in
purification and further pharmacological study in stomatology due
to their lack of accuracy and productivity. Therefore, it is crucial
to find a forceful approach to precisely evaluate CGA for an in-depth
anti-PD study. In this work, we reported a facile and controllable
synthesis of Pt@Pd nanowires (NWs) in a non-compacted core–shell
structure with high electrocatalytic activity. In addition, polyethylenimine
(PEI)-capped reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoflakes provided large
binding sites for a network structure composed of interweaved Pt@Pd
nanowires and protected hemin from self-destruction, which empowered
Pt@Pd NWs-Hemin-PEI-rGO nanohybrids to own a large electroactive surface
area and great electrochemical property for CGA detection. The enzyme-free
electrochemical sensor based on Pt@Pd NWs-Hemin-PEI-rGO displayed
a favorable capacity for trace CGA detection with a detection limit
of 7.8 nM and a wide linear range of 0.5 μM to 4 mM. The exceptional
sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor made it accomplish the measurements
of chlorogenic acid in soft drinks and coffee with high consistency
of HPLC results. The satisfactory performance of the obtained sensor
enables it to be used for quality control and study of drug metabolism
in PD treatments.
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