Obesity is a chronic disease with high prevalence and associated comorbidities, making it a growing global concern. These comorbidities include type 2 diabetes, hypertension, ventilatory dysfunction, arthrosis, venous and lymphatic circulation diseases, depression, and others, which have a negative impact on health and increase morbidity and mortality. GLP-1 agonists, used to treat type 2 diabetes, have been shown to be effective in promoting weight loss in preclinical and clinical studies. This review summarizes numerous studies conducted on the main drugs in the GLP-1 agonists class, outlining the maximum achievable weight loss. Our aim is to emphasize the active role and main outcomes of GLP-1 agonists in promoting weight loss, as well as in improving hyperglycemia, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, cardio–metabolic, and renal protection. We highlight the pleiotropic effects of these medications, along with their indications, contraindications, and precautions for both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, based on long-term follow-up studies.

The development of microorganism resistance to antibiotics is a topic of global interest and Romania is among the most vulnerable countries in terms of antimicrobial resistance. Our retrospective study was carried out for a year at the Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children "Saint John" in Galati, on a number of 9910 pathological samples. The main isolated strains were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. A percent of 25.4 was methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections and strains displayed high rates of resistance to beta-lactams and macrolides. Less effective for the treatment of infections with Escherichia coli were aminopenicillins and cephalosporins although resistance to third-generation cephalosporins had a relatively small value than the national one. Isolated Escherichia coli strains showed low resistance to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides also. Klebsiella sp strains showed increased resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides higher than the values recorded at the European level. Results obtained in terms of antibiotic resistance are lower than those recorded in some studies at a national level but higher than the European average. The situation remains worrying if we consider the fact that the selected group is a pediatric one, with most children under nine years. More than ever, we must take active measures in perspective about the seriousness of the problem and the long-term consequences.