Visual and acoustic signaling in three species of Brazilian nocturnal tree frogs (Anura, Hylidae). Visual communication seems to be widespread among nocturnal anurans, however, reports of these behaviors in many Neotropical species are lacking. Therefore, we gathered information collected during several sporadic field expeditions in central and southern Brazil with three nocturnal tree frogs: Aplastodiscus perviridis, Hypsiboas albopunctatus and H. bischoffi. These species displayed various aggressive behaviors, both visual and acoustic, towards other males. For A. perviridis we described arm lifting and leg kicking; for H. albopunctatus we described the advertisement and territorial calls, visual signalizations, including a previously unreported behavior (short leg kicking), and male-male combat; and for H. bischoffi we described the advertisement and fighting calls, toes and fingers trembling, leg lifting, and leg kicking. We speculate about the evolution of some behaviors and concluded that the use of visual signals among Neotropical anurans may be much more common than suggested by the current knowledge.

VOCALIZATIONS AND ACOUSTIC INTERACTIONS IN HYLA RANICEPS (ANURA, HYLIDAE) DURING THE BREEDING SEASON. The vocalizations of H. raniceps (Cope, 1826) and their functions are described, including an analysis of the influence of temperature, weight, or SVL (snout-vent length) of males on the acoustic parameters. The vocalizations were recorded in three areas in Fazenda Lagoa Grande, Municipality of Pontalina, State of Goiás, central Brazil. Males began their vocalizations just before sunset, extending them, in some cases, to dawn of the following day. The peak of activities happened between 21h and 23h. The height of calling sites varied plenty, being the position horizontal in about 50% of them. Males defended sites in different areas during consecutive nights. Rain and strong winds interrupted the calling activities. Males emitted three vocalizations: advertisement, territorial and distress calls. The advertisement call has pulsionated structures and it is the most common, being emitted in the presence/absence of females. Significant correlation was found between number of notes and air temperature, notes duration and both male weight and air temperature, calling rate and both male SVL or weight, and frequency and male weight.

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amphibians associated to water bodies in Southwest of Goiás State (Brazil). Biota Neotrop. 11(3): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v11n3/en/abstract?inventory +bn03611032011Abstract: the Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil and is considered one of most important among the biodiversity hotspots. In this biome can be found about 150 anurans species, from which 30% are endemic. However, there are many Cerrado areas that have little information gathered about the anuran biodiversity. thus, in this study we present the result of an inventory of anurans species from the southwest region of Goiás State (Central Brazil). In this region, we sampled 45 water bodies, located near soybean and sugar-cane cultures, pastures and natural vegetation, from November/2007 to February/2008 and from November/2008 to March/2009. Altogether, adults and tadpoles of 36 species were registered, with the majority of species registered in association to open areas. The rarefied curve of species richness show an asymptote formation, which indicates that the chance to add species to the inventory is low, even with additional habitats sampling. therefore, our results reveal high species richness in the present sampled region, which represented almost one fourth of all species found in Cerrado. Keywords: Brazilian savanna, species distribution, central Brazil.MORAIS, A.R., SIGNORELLI, L., GAMBALE, P.G., KOPP, K., NOMURA, F., GUIMARÃES, L.D., VAZ-SILVA, W., RAMOS, J. & BAStOS, R.P. Anfíbios anuros associados a corpos d'água do sudoeste do estado de Goiás (Brasil). Biota Neotrop. 11(3): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v11n3/pt/abstract?inve ntory+bn03611032011Resumo: O Cerrado é o segundo maior bioma brasileiro e é considerado um dos mais importantes hotspots de biodiversidade. Neste bioma foram registradas cerca de 150 espécies de anuros, das quais 30% são endêmicas. Entretanto, existem muitas áreas ainda não inventariadas, nas quais não se conhece quase nada sobre a diversidade de anuros. Assim, neste estudo apresentamos informações referentes a anurofauna do sudoeste do Estado de Goiás (Brasil Central), a qual vem sendo modificada principalmente pela agropecuária. Nesta região, 45 corpos d'água foram amostrados entre os meses de novembro/2007 a fevereiro/2008 e novembro/2008 a março/2009, localizados próximos a plantações de soja, cana-de-açúcar, pastagem e vegetação nativa. No total, foram registrados adultos e girinos de 36 espécies de anuros, a maioria comum de áreas abertas. As curvas de acumulação de espécies, tanto para adultos quanto para girinos, apresentaram a formação de uma assíntota, o que indica uma baixa probabilidade de registro de novas espécies mesmo com a amostragem de outros corpos d'água. Nesta área com forte influência de impactos agrícolas, a riqueza encontrada representa aproximadamente 1/4 do total de espécies conhecidas para o bioma Cerrado. Palavras-chaves: cerrado, distribuição de espécies, Brasil central.