Background: Patients with schizophrenia have considerably higher rates of mortality than general population. Multiple factors may play a role in this. Despite being a major preventable cause of death, smoking is usually overlooked when dealing with patients with schizophrenia. Understanding the pattern of smoking, its severity, and the reasons to quit might be helpful in managing patients with schizophrenia and decreasing the mortality gap.Subjects and Methods: The study included smokers divided into two groups; the first included 346 patients with schizophrenia while the second group had 150 smokers with no mental illness. Both groups were assessed and compared regarding sociodemographic variables, pattern of smoking, severity of nicotine dependence, and motivation to quit smoking.Results: Earlier age of starting to smoke, higher number of cigarettes per day, and lower dependency scores were noted in patients with Schizophrenia. Positive correlation was found between positive symptoms and severity of dependence. Specific positive symptoms were correlated to number of cigarettes per day and time before first cigarette. Patients with Schizophrenia showed a significant difference in intrinsic reasons to quit (health concerns and self-control), which were also positively correlated to their positive symptoms score. Linear regression analysis for predictors of FTND score revealed that only age, sex, and schizophrenia were significant predictors of FTND score.Conclusion: Patients with schizophrenia smoke at earlier ages and smoke more cigarettes per day, yet, have less severe dependence than non-schizophrenic counterparts. Positive symptoms play a role in their smoking pattern and severity. Health concerns and self-control are their main motives to quit smoking.

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Objectives:Tramadol addiction is one of the major addiction problems in growing countries, especially in Egypt. Moreover, there is a strong relation between suicidality and addiction even after exclusion of personality disorders; the burden of suicide adds to the burden of substance abuse in those individuals and their families. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 72 tramadol-dependent patients who were recruited randomly in this study from the addiction outpatient clinic of Okasha Institute of Psychiatry of Ain Shams University, after obtaining an informed consent. They are assessed by ( 1) Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition Axis I Disorders for diagnosis of substance use disorder, (2) Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition Axis II Disorders for exclusion of personality disorders, (3) suicide probability scale, and (4) Addiction Severity Index. Results:Regarding suicidal probability, 44.44% of the sample showed risk of suicide, which was severe among 19.44%, moderate among 11.11%, and mild among 13.89% of the sample. Regarding "Addiction Severity Index," most patients had no real medical problem. In the employment domain, 38.89% had a slight problem. In the drug use domain, 80.56% had a moderate problem.There is a significant relation between the degree of medical, drug use, and legal problem and the severity of suicidal risk. Moreover, the longer duration of addiction and the advanced age of patients are risk factors for suicidal probability. Conclusions:There is a suicide probability among tramadol addicts. The duration of tramadol use could be considered a strong risk factor for suicide, as the longer the duration of tramadol, the higher the suicidal risk.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic relapsing inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory bowel disease has a substantial impact on quality of life. It causes considerable personal, emotional, and social burdens. The impact of IBD on quality of life places a significant burden on the patient and caregivers. The study assessed the impact of inflammatory bowel disease and disease activity on quality of life of the patients.This cross-section study was conducted on 88 patients with inflammatory bowel disease who attended the IBD Clinic, Ain Shams University Hospitals. An informed consent was obtained from each patient. All patients were subjected to clinical assessment, laboratory investigations, colonoscopy, assessment of disease activity and assessment of quality of life using PCASEE score.The eighty-eight inflammatory bowel disease patients were divided into: disease group 40 (45.5%) patients, and G2: ulcerative colitis (UC) group 48 (54.5%) patients. They were 39 (44.3%) males and 49 (55.7 %) females, with ages ranged between 19 and 52 years old (mean 33).The result showed negative significant correlation between clinical and endoscopic activity in UC group measured by simple clinical colitis activity index and Mayo score respectively and quality of life scores in the patients with P <0.001. In CD, there was negative significant correindex with P <0.001, but without endoscopic activity. There was no significant effect of inflammatory bowel disease on quality of life of the patients especially during disease activity.

Emotions are brief, involuntary, full-system, Patterned responses to internal and external stimuli. Emotion dysregulation consists of four components: emotion sensitivity, heightened and labile negative effect, a deficit of appropriate regulation strategies, and a surplus of maladaptive regulation strategies. Given the complexity of the construct of emotion dysregulation and its involvement in many disorders, there is a need for research interplay amongst these components and also to know more about dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT).