HE4 showed satisfactory capability of distinguishing endometriosis from ovarian cancer, which CA125 lacked. The Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm score proved to be useful in excluding malignant diagnosis in premenopausal women.
Women with PTB demonstrated worse periodontal parameters and significantly increased GCF levels of IL-6 and PGE2 compared with those with FTB. Based on significant correlations among serum PGE2 and PD, CAL, and GCF TNF-α in PTB, periodontitis may cause an overall increase of labor triggers and hence contribute to preterm labor onset.
SUMMARYIntroduction: Pseudo thrombocytopenia (PTP) is a phenomenon of falsely low platelet counts obtained on Hematology Analyzers (HA) due to in vitro platelet clumping in the presence of anticoagulants. Methods: Papers on the subject of pseudothrombocytopenias eff ects were searched for in biomedical journals indexed in MEDLINE from 1969 to 2016. All other thrombocytopenia types were not analyzed. Topic: Pseudothrombocytopenia occurs using the EDTA and other anticoagulants, in the process of determining the platelet count on the HA. Agglutination of platelets occurs at temperatures lower than 34˚C and sample enhances if exposed to longer period of time. Agglutination of platelets is most expressed 4 hours after blood sampling. Agglutination occurs by binding of IgM, IgG and IgA immunoglobulin to antigen or crypto-antigen of platelets. Hematologic cell Analyzers, (HA) do not count platelets from large agglutinations, therefore, the number of platelets that provides HA represents the sum of the number of free non-agglutinating platelets and small agglutinations consisting of 3-5 platelets. Pseudothrombocytopenia shall be suspected in the case of the absence of clinical signs of hemorrhagic diathesis. Undiagnosed pseudothrombocytopenia may lead to unnecessary aggressive diagnostic procedures such as biopsy or puncture of the bone marrow, inadequate treatment and even transfusion of platelets. The fallowing types of pseudothrombocytopenias are described herein: a) pseudothrombocytopenia occurred due to platelet agglutination, b) platelet satellitism and c) aggregation of platelets and leukocytes. Conclusion: In order to obtain the actual count of platelets, peripheral blood smear shall be done for all samples with low values of thrombocytes (<100x10 9 / L), and for samples of the results having fl ags on HA. In the case of fi nding agglutinated platelets, the following measures should be taken in order to obtain correct interpretation of laboratory results: to warm blood sample at 37° C and re-test, to test the blood sample on the another anticoagulant (citrate, heparin), to make blood smear, and to determine the platelets using ammonium oxalate by counting platelets from capillary blood in microscopic counting chamber. In case of all phenomena of agglutinations with all the previously mentioned anticoagulants is only possible to use magnesium sulphate and to make smears on the site of capillary blood sampling. Using this method is as well possible to detect agglutination of platelets without using anticoagulants, which indicates the presence of cold agglutinins.
SUMMARYIntroduction: Serious adverse event of anticancer chemotherapy is glanulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia which can decrease effi ciency of fi nal therapy results. After many years, platelet concentrates transfusion (PCT) is still researching problem without sure standpoint. The aim: To determine whether there is a diff erence in the clinical effi ciency in the use of 4 types of platelet applied for transfusion; -to ascertain whether platelet count increase expressed as corrected count increment (CCI), is a better parameter for the evaluation of platelet transfusion effi ciency than the bleeding time (Bt), as the only readily assessable in vivo platelet function related parameter. Subjects and methods: This paper is a part of academic (noncommercial) IV phase observational nointervetion study. Investigation included 78 patients diagnosed with malignant lymphoma and metastatic solid tumors, transfused by platelet concentrates. Patients were devided into 4 groups, based on the type of platelet concentrates used for transfusion. Results: Patients, were transfused with total number of 647 PC units (235 units were non-leukodepleted and 412 units were leukodepleted). Mean number of PC transfusions per patient was 8.3 PC units, and 4.8 PC unit per one transfusion episode. Before PCT: platelets values were: 18
This study aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress status and two markers of platelet activation and reactivity in off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Study groups of 65 patients with double coronary artery bypass grafting were divided into cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and offpump coronary artery bypass groups. In serial blood samples, lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), serum paraoxonase (PON1), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), total sulfhydryl groups (tSHG) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) to platelet (Plt) ratio (RPR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) to platelet (Plt) ratio (MPR) index were determined to compare the extent of oxidative stress and platelet activation. The MPR and RPR rose significantly in the post-operative period (P < 0.001) in both groups. The increase was higher in the CPB group, but this difference reached borderline significance at 48 h post-operatively. The AOPP/tSHG index increased 6 h after surgery, preceded by a significant fall of the PON1/LOOH ratio, more evident in the CPB group. Multiple linear regression analysis showed explicit connection between these markers and surgery-related clinical conditions. Receiver operating characteristic analysis enabled estimation of the clinical accuracy of oxidative plus platelet-related indices in prediction of surgery caused complications (area under the curve for the model consisted of oxidative stress parameters and platelet activation indices was above 0.9, P < 0.001). Results showed higher oxidative stress and undesirable platelet activation in the CPB group. Oxidative status markers and platelet activity indices showed good clinical accuracy to predict the development of possible surgical complications.
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